Factors Controlling Long-Term Survival and Growth of Naturalized Escherichia coli Populations in Temperate Field Soils

Ishii, Satoshi; Yan, Tao; Vu, Hung Quy; Hansen, Dennis Lund; Hicks, Randall E.; Sadowsky, Michael J.

doi:10.1264/jsme2.me09172

Cited by 59 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…1C). On 23 May 2011, three exclosure boxes (referred to as KS14I), made from 32-gallon trash cans (50-cm diameter) as described previously (34), were buried at the KS14 location in order to exclude external enterococcal sources: runoff and feces deposition from animals. Four mesh-covered windows were placed into the exclosure boxes to facilitate air exchange.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence, Genetic Diversity, and Persistence of Enterococci in a Lake Superior Watershed

Ran

Badgley

Dillon

et al. 2013

Appl Environ Microbiol

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In 2012, the U.S. EPA suggested that coastal and Great Lakes states adopt enterococci as an alternative indicator for the monitoring of recreational water quality. Limited information, however, is available about the presence and persistence of enterococci in Lake Superior. In this study, the density, species composition, and persistence of enterococci in sand, sediment, water, and soil samples were examined at two sites in a Lake Superior watershed from May to September over a 2-year period. The genetic diversity of Enterococcus faecalis isolates collected from environmental samples was also studied by using the horizontal, fluorophore-enhanced repetitive PCR DNA fingerprinting technique. Results obtained by most-probable-number analyses indicated that enterococci were present in 149 (94%) of 159 samples and their densities were generally higher in the summer than in the other months examined. The Enterococcus species composition displayed spatial and temporal changes, with the dominant species being E. hirae, E. faecalis, E. faecium, E. mundtii, and E. casseliflavus. DNA fingerprint analyses indicated that the E. faecalis population in the watershed was genetically diverse and changed spatially and temporally. Moreover, some DNA fingerprints reoccurred over multiple sampling events. Taken together, these results suggest that some enterococci are able to persist and grow in the Lake Superior watershed, especially in soil, for a prolonged time after being introduced.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence, Genetic Diversity, and Persistence of Enterococci in a Lake Superior Watershed

Ran

Badgley

Dillon

et al. 2013

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…When sand was amended with plankton in laboratory experiments, E. coli initially increased about 2 log and then gradually decreased, but remained 1 log higher than initial concentrations (Byappanahalli et al 2006b). Generally, more complex carbon sources prolonged the replication of E. coli in microcosms relative to rapidly metabolizable substrates such as lactose (Ishii et al 2010). Another study reported that survival of E. coli and enterococci in microcosms was greater when wrack (macroalgae that has washed onto the shore) was applied to the surface of the sand (Imamura et al 2011).…”

Section: Fate Ecology and Population Biology/geneticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbes in beach sands: integrating environment, ecology and public health

Whitman

Harwood

Edge

et al. 2014

Rev Environ Sci Biotechnol

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146

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SUMMARY Beach sand is a habitat that supports many microbes, including viruses, bacteria, fungi and protozoa (micropsammon). The apparently inhospitable conditions of beach sand environments belie the thriving communities found there. Physical factors, such as water availability and protection from insolation; biological factors, such as competition, predation, and biofilm formation; and nutrient availability all contribute to the characteristics of the micropsammon. Sand microbial communities include autochthonous species/phylotypes indigenous to the environment. Allochthonous microbes, including fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) and waterborne pathogens, are deposited via waves, runoff, air, or animals. The fate of these microbes ranges from death, to transient persistence and/or replication, to establishment of thriving populations (naturalization) and integration in the autochthonous community. Transport of the micropsammon within the habitat occurs both horizontally across the beach, and vertically from the sand surface and ground water table, as well as at various scales including interstitial flow within sand pores, sediment transport for particle-associated microbes, and the large-scale processes of wave action and terrestrial runoff. The concept of beach sand as a microbial habitat and reservoir of FIB and pathogens has begun to influence our thinking about human health effects associated with sand exposure and recreational water use. A variety of pathogens have been reported from beach sands, and recent epidemiology studies have found some evidence of health risks associated with sand exposure. Persistent or replicating populations of FIB and enteric pathogens have consequences for watershed/beach management strategies and regulatory standards for safe beaches. This review summarizes our understanding of the community structure, ecology, fate, transport, and public health implications of microbes in beach sand. It concludes with recommendations for future work in this vastly under-studied area.

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“…Further, faster growth of environmental than laboratory strains has been reported by Brennan et al (2010a). Recent research has shown that E. coli strains can become residents in many different types of soils, in both temperate and tropical environments (Brennan et al, 2010a;Brennan et al, 2010b;Goto and Yan, 2011;Ishii et al, 2006;Ishii et al, 2010;Nautiyal et al, 2010). Brennan et al (2010b), for example, reported that E. coli had persisted in temperate maritime soils for more than nine years.…”

Section: Attenuation In the Form Of Predation Retention And Releasementioning

confidence: 95%

Water Transport, Retention, and Survival ofEscherichia coliin Unsaturated Porous Media: A Comprehensive Review of Processes, Models, and Factors

Engström

Thunvik

Kulabako

et al. 2014

Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology

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The vadose zone can function as both a filter and a passage for bacteria. This review evaluates when and why either effect will apply based on available literature. It summarizes theories and experimental research that address the related, underlying bacterial attenuation processes, the applied macro-scale modeling approaches, and the influencing factors -including the cell, soil, solution and system characteristics. Results point to that the relative importance of each removal mechanism depends on the moisture content and the solution ionic strength. The limitations of available modeling approaches are discussed. It remains unclear in which contexts these are reliable for predictions. The temporal first-order kinetic Escherichia coli ( E. coli) removal coefficient ranges three orders of magnitude, from 10 −4 to 10 −1 /min. Results suggest that this rate depends on the pore-water velocity. Spatial filtration of E. coli increases with slower flow and higher collector surface heterogeneity. It could be insignificant in the case of heavy and sudden infiltration and subsequent transport in preferential flow paths, induced, for example, by plant roots or cracks in clayey soils. Future research 2 E. Engström et al. thus needs to address transport as an effect of extreme weather events such as droughts and subsequent floods.

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Factors Controlling Long-Term Survival and Growth of Naturalized Escherichia coli Populations in Temperate Field Soils

Cited by 59 publications

References 29 publications

Occurrence, Genetic Diversity, and Persistence of Enterococci in a Lake Superior Watershed

Occurrence, Genetic Diversity, and Persistence of Enterococci in a Lake Superior Watershed

Microbes in beach sands: integrating environment, ecology and public health

Water Transport, Retention, and Survival ofEscherichia coliin Unsaturated Porous Media: A Comprehensive Review of Processes, Models, and Factors

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