Factors Controlling the Retreat of Drumlin Coastal Cliffs in a Low Energy Marine Environment—Strangford Lough, Northern Ireland

Greenwood, Richard O.; Orford, Julian D.

doi:10.2112/04-0417.1

Cited by 37 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The evolution of coastal cliffs occurs mainly by landslides of different types and sizes, resulting from the interaction of marine, sub-aerial and anthropogenic processes (Greenwood and Orford, 2007). In consequence, this complex and dynamic evolution introduces restrictions on the way the human occupation of coastal areas is accomplished (Marques, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Susceptibility assessment to different types of landslides in the coastal cliffs of Lourinhã (Central Portugal)

Epifânio

Zêzere

Neves

2014

Journal of Sea Research

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The coastal zone of Lourinhã (located in Central Portugal) is characterized by beach-cliff systems, where beaches are narrow and cliffs have notorious slope instability. These cliffs evolve by different types of landslides, which are one of the main sources of natural hazard and risk in this coastal region. In this work, aerial photo interpretation and a systematic field survey were performed in order to obtain an inventory of landslides of the following types: rotational slides, translational slides and debris flows. The entire coast was then split into 261 terrain mapping units. For each unit, landslide predisposing factors were derived and classified: cliff elevation, slope angle (maximum, mean and standard deviation), potential solar radiation, slope curvature (profile and plan), lithological units and geologic structure. The predictive susceptibility models were computed for each type of landslide using a bi-variate statistical method -the Information Value Method. The degree of fit and the predictive capacity of the models were assessed using the Effectiveness Ratio, the standard Receiver Operator Characteristic curves and the respective Area Under Curve. Results show that each landslide typology occurs in particular terrain conditions. Individual susceptibility models evidence better predictive capacity than susceptibility model for total landslides.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Susceptibility assessment to different types of landslides in the coastal cliffs of Lourinhã (Central Portugal)

Epifânio

Zêzere

Neves

2014

Journal of Sea Research

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“…Quantifi cation of coastal evolution has been achieved using a range of modern technologies, such as digital aerial images and videography, high resolution satellite images (Ikonos, QuickBird), airborne lasers (Marfai et al, 2008;Stockdonf et al, 2002;Robertson et al, 2004;Zhang et al, 2005;Young and Ashford, 2006;Boak and Turner, 2005;McCulloch et al, 2002;Moore, 2000;Leatherman et al, 1995), terrestrial laser scanning (Gulyaev and Buckeridge, 2004) as well as differential global positioning systems (DGPSs) which are used either on foot or mounted on an all-terrain vehicle (Baptista et al, 2008;Stockdonf et al, 2002). Monitoring pins have also been implanted on top of cliffs (Bernatchez and Dubois, 2008) or inserted horizontally directly into the cliffs (Manson, 2002;Greenwood and Orford, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of an automated method for continuous detection and quantification of cliff erosion events

Bernatchez

Jolivet

Corriveau

2011

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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Three intrusive systems of detection and quantifi cation of coastal erosion events (using thermocouples and thermal pins) were developed and tested from 2005 to 2008 in different regions of the Gulf and maritime estuary of the St Lawrence (Quebec, Canada). The 3-m-long thermal pins inserted inside unconsolidated deposits allow the monitoring of erosion for a time period sometimes extending over several seasons. The thermocouple or thermocable method allows not only the instrumentation of unconsolidated deposits but also of rocky and cohesive substrate to a depth of 85 cm. An autonomous microclimatic station located near the experimental sites simultaneously samples temperature parameters, precipitation, snow cover, wind speed and direction as well as global radiation.The differential analysis of cliff thermal regime performed simultaneously with an analysis of air temperature makes it possible to determine the activation periods of coastal erosion processes. The results also make it possible to establish with precision the actual infl uence of rapid variations of certain climatic and microclimatic parameters (radiation, presence of snow cover, precipitation, etc.) on the physical state of surfaces and also on the activation of certain physical processes connected to coastal erosion events. The automated thermal erosion pin system (ATEPS) allows high temporal resolution (i.e. continuous) monitoring, enabling a real coupling of coastal erosion rates and climatic parameters. Preliminary results with the ATEPS system indicate that mild winter temperature and direct solar radiation are signifi cant factors controlling cliff retreat rates. Moreover, the melting of segregation ice during the spring thaw contributed for more than 70% of cliff retreat against only 30% for frost shattering.

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“…We note that the value of 2.56m/yr is a maximum estimate from the published literature, and other studies have measured much lower rates (e.g. Greenwood & Orford, 2008). Therefore the 150m buffer represents an absolute maximum for the next half century.…”

Section: Stage 2: Vulnerability Assessment Of Hersmentioning

confidence: 45%

“…Changes along hard, rocky coastlines were harder to detect and likely consisted of sporadic events rather than progressive change (McKenna et al, 1992). Greenwood & Orford (2008), working within the semi-enclosed waterbody of Strangford Lough, measured erosion rates on unconsolidated cliffs of <1-0.165m/yr with variations in rate linked to cliff height, angle and the local direction and magnitude of fetch.…”

Section: Coastal Erosionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessing the Impact of Coastal Erosion on Archaeological Sites: A Case Study from Northern Ireland

Westley¹,

McNeary²

2014

Conservation and Management of Archaeological Sites

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This paper will present research on the vulnerability mapping of coastal archaeological sites currently being undertaken in Northern Ireland. The ultimate aim of this research is improve current predictions of where archaeological sites and landscapes will be at risk in the future from coastal erosion. The initial stage of this approach uses a suite of oblique aerial photographs to construct a baseline of eroding locations and coastal geomorphology. The erosion baseline can then be integrated with existing historic environment records to obtain a coarse first-pass archaeological vulnerability assessment. Subsequent stages can then use this assessment to prioritize future mitigation such as field surveys or monitoring exercises, or conduct further refinements of vulnerability classifications by incorporating information on site type and positioning on a local scale.

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Factors Controlling the Retreat of Drumlin Coastal Cliffs in a Low Energy Marine Environment—Strangford Lough, Northern Ireland

Cited by 37 publications

References 32 publications

Susceptibility assessment to different types of landslides in the coastal cliffs of Lourinhã (Central Portugal)

Susceptibility assessment to different types of landslides in the coastal cliffs of Lourinhã (Central Portugal)

Development of an automated method for continuous detection and quantification of cliff erosion events

Assessing the Impact of Coastal Erosion on Archaeological Sites: A Case Study from Northern Ireland

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