Factors discriminating men with coronary heart disease from healthy controls.

Cotton, Susan G.; Nixon, J.; Carpenter, R. G.; Evans, D W

doi:10.1136/hrt.34.5.458

Cited by 85 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…11 Over the past two decades, evidence has emerged showing the association between androgenetic alopecia and metabolic syndrome or its associated diseases including cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, dyslipidemia and insulin resistance. 8 The present study conducted in a tertiary care center was a prospective case control study, in which total of 100 male patients of androgenetic alopecia and equal number of age matched male controls were studied during study period of one year.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Severe androgenetic alopecia as a maker of metabolic syndrome in male patients of androgenetic alopecia: a hospital based case control study

Tilwani

Dogra

et al. 2017

Int J Res Med Sci

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Background: Several previous studies have investigated the association between androgenetic alopecia (AGA) and metabolic syndrome (MS), with inconsistent results. Objectives of the study were to study the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in male patients of androgenetic alopecia and compare with control population and study the relationship of metabolic syndrome with different grades of AGA.Methods: This prospective hospital based case control study included 100 new clinically diagnosed males of androgenetic alopecia, and age and sex matched control group. Assessment for presence of various components of metabolic syndrome was done following a uniform protocol in cases and controls. AGA was classified as per Hamilton –Narwood classification, grade I to III was classified as mild –moderate and grade IV and higher as severe AGA.Results: Of the 100 male AGA patients (age range 21-50, mean 34.49), 36 had grade II AGA, 24 had grade III AGA, 20 had grade IV AGA, 15 had grade V AGA and 5 had grade VI AGA. Among AGA patients, 60 of patients had mild-moderate AGA and 40 patients had severe AGA. Metabolic syndrome was statistically significantly more common in patients with AGA compared to controls. Among patients of AGA, metabolic syndrome was statistically significantly present in severe AGA compared to mild-moderate AGA. Among the evaluated parameters, like blood pressure, fasting blood sugar, dyslipedemia, abdominal obesity, all were significantly more common in AGA patients compared to controls except abdominal obesity.Conclusions: In the present study, metabolic syndrome was found to be 4.6 times more common in patients of androgenetic alopecia as compared to controls, being statistically significant, and more common in those with severe grades. This suggests that androgenetic alopecia patients especially with severe grades are at risk of metabolic syndrome and other cardiovascular diseases.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Severe androgenetic alopecia as a maker of metabolic syndrome in male patients of androgenetic alopecia: a hospital based case control study

Tilwani

Dogra

et al. 2017

Int J Res Med Sci

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“…Although graying and whitening of hair is understood as a loss of pigment in the shaft, its molecular and cellular bases are partially understood. Theses for gradual loss of pigmentation include attenuation of enzymes involved in melanogenesis, impaired DNA repair, loss of telomerase, and antioxidant mechanisms (14,(16)(17)(18)(19)(20). These proposed mechanisms are also valid in atherosclerosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The degree of premature hair graying as an independent risk marker for coronary artery disease: a predictor of biological age rather than chronological age

Kocaman

Çetin²,

Durakoğlugil³

et al. 2012

Anadolu Kardiyol Derg

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The degree of premature hair graying as an independent risk marker for coronary artery disease: a predictor of biological age rather than chronological ageKoroner arter hastalığı için bağımsız bir risk öngörücüsü olarak saçın erken beyazlama düzeyi: Zamansal yaştan çok biyolojik yaşın öngörücüsü ABSTRACTObjective: Age is the most important and uncorrectable coronary risk factor at the moment. The concept of measuring aging biologically rather than only chronologically may be of importance in clinical practice. Hair graying is the most apparent sign of biological aging in humans, yet its mechanism is largely unknown. Today, it is known that cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs), especially in combination, cause premature atherosclerosis. In our opinion, premature hair graying or whitening may represent early atherosclerotic changes as a surrogate of host response to the CVRFs. In this study, we planned to investigate the relationship of hair graying with CVRFs and coronary atherosclerotic burden in order to determine whether it is an independent marker for coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods: The current study has a cross-sectional observational design. Two hundred and thirteen men who underwent coronary angiography with a suspicion of CAD were enrolled in the study. The patients were evaluated in terms of age, demographical properties and the CVRFs. Hair whitening score (HWS) was defined according to extent of gray/white hairs (1: pure black; 2: black>white; 3: black=white; 4: white>black; 5: pure white). Coronary atherosclerotic burden was assessed by the Gensini score. Analyses were performed in age-matched normal coronary arteries (NCA) and CAD groups. Linear and logistic regression analyses were used for the multivariate analyses of independent variables associated with hair greying. Results: The CVRFs were higher in CAD group. Hair whitening score (2.7±1.3 vs. 3.3±1.2, p=0.002), hair losing score (1.2±0.9 vs. 1.5±1.0, p=0.038) and xanthelasma rate (24% vs. 45%, p=0.013) were also significantly different between NCA and CAD groups. Age (p<0001), Gensini score (p<0.001) and coronary severity score (p=0.001) were higher in the categories of increased HWS. In multiple logistic regression analysis, only diabetes mellitus (OR: 3.240, 95% CI: [1.017-10.319], p=0.047), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, (OR: 1.014, 95%CI: [1.001-1.027], p=0.029) and HWS (OR: 1.513, 95% CI: [1.054-2.173], p=0.025) were independently related to presence of CAD. Age (p<0.001), family history of CAD (p=0.004), hyperlipidemia (p=0.02) and serum creatinine levels (p=0.019) were found as independent predictors of hair graying. Conclusion: In our study, we found that the degree of gray/white hairs is related to extent of CAD. Our findings also suggested that hair graying is a risk marker for CAD independent of age and other traditional risk factors. Biological age may be important in determining total risk of patients. During assessment of cumulative CVRF effects on human body, presence of biological aging signs may be useful in identi...

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“…The molecular and cellular mechanism for loss of pigmentation of hair includes attenuation of enzymes involved in melanogenesis, impaired DNA repair, loss of telomerase and antioxidant mechanisms (17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22). Atherosclerosis includes oxidant stress, androgens, inflammatory process and senescence of functioning cells.…”

Section: Figure 1: a 42 Years Old Man Chronic Smoker And Suffered Acmentioning

confidence: 99%

Premature graying of hair: An independent risk marker for coronary artery disease in smokers - A retrospective case control study

Aggarwal¹,

Srivastava²,

Mb³

et al. 2015

Ethiop J Health Sci

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BACKGROUND: Premature graying of hair as a risk marker among young smokers has a potential of identifying coronary artery disease (CAD) at a very early stage. There is absence of literature that assesses premature graying of hair as an independent marker of CAD in smokers. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The present single-centre case control study enrolled a total of 62 consecutive chronic smokers (≤ 45 years) (Group I) and 60 consecutive young CAD patients (≤45 years) who were chronic smokers (Group II). Another group comprising of 114 patients (≤45 years) having no smoking history and no cardiac ailments either (Group III) was enrolled as control population. All subjects were males. A detailed history and clinical examination regarding conventional coronary risk factors and carotid intima media thickness was done in both groups. RESULTS: The carotid intima media thickness, dyslipidemia and blood pressure were significantly higher in group I and II as compared to group III. When the groups were compared for graying of hair, it was found that the group II (i.e., smokers and CAD) had maximum prevalence of graying which was significantly higher than the control as well as smoker groups. The presence of premature graying of hair was associated with 3.24 times the risk of CAD on multiple logistic regression analysis. CONCLUSION: The presence of premature graying of hair was associated with an increased risk of CAD in young smokers. Premature graying of hair can be used as preliminary evidence by clinicians for classifying patients at risk for premature CAD especially in smokers.

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Factors discriminating men with coronary heart disease from healthy controls.

Cited by 85 publications

References 14 publications

Severe androgenetic alopecia as a maker of metabolic syndrome in male patients of androgenetic alopecia: a hospital based case control study

Severe androgenetic alopecia as a maker of metabolic syndrome in male patients of androgenetic alopecia: a hospital based case control study

The degree of premature hair graying as an independent risk marker for coronary artery disease: a predictor of biological age rather than chronological age

Premature graying of hair: An independent risk marker for coronary artery disease in smokers - A retrospective case control study

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