Factors driving international technology transfer: empirical insights from a CDM project survey

Abstract

Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. Terms of use: Documents in AbstractThis study employs an original survey-based dataset to explore technology transfer in CDM projects. The findings suggest that about two-thirds of the CDM projects involve a medium to very high extent of technology transfer. The econometric analysis distinguishes between knowledge and equipment transfer and specifically allows for the influence of technological characteristics, such as novelty and complexity of a technology, as well as the use of different transfer channels. More complex technologies and the use of export as a transfer channel are found to be associated with a higher degree of technology transfer. Projects involving 2-to 5-year-old technologies seem more likely to involve technology transfer than both younger and older technologies. Energy supply and efficiency projects are correlated with a higher degree of technology transfer than non-energy projects. Unlike previous studies, our analysis did not find technology transfer to be related to project size, the length of time a country has hosted CDM projects or the host country's absorptive capacity. Our findings are similar for knowledge and equipment transfer. CDM projects are often seen as a vehicle for the transfer of climate technologies from industrialized to developing countries. Thus, a better understanding of the factors driving technology transfer in these projects may help policy makers design policies that better foster the transfer of knowledge and equipment, in addition to lowering greenhouse gas emissions. This may be achieved by including more stringent requirements with regard to international technology transfer in countries' CDM project approval processes. Based on our findings, such policies should focus particularly on energy supply and efficiency technologies. Likewise, it may be beneficial for host countries to condition project approval on the novelty and complexity of technologies and adjust these provisions over time. Since such technological characteristics are not captured systematically by PDDs, using a survey-based evaluation opens up new opportunities for a more holistic and targeted evaluation of technology transfer in CDM projects.

Youth Awareness and Expectations about GMOs and Nuclear Power Technologies within the North American Free Trade Bloc: A Retrospective Cross-Country Comparative Analysis

“…Established in 1992 as one of the key pieces of transnational environmental governance, Article 4.5 of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) prescribes that "Developed nation members take all practicable steps to promote, facilitate and finance, as appropriate, the transfer of, or access to, environmentally sound technologies and know-how to other member nations, particularly developing ones" [31]. Its Clean Development Mechanism (CDM), by providing new and emerging market frameworks, has been credited to greatly stimulate cross-country technological diffusion [32] and thereby help nations such as South Africa benefit from the transfer of nuclear power technology [33].…”

What role for climate negotiations on technology transfer?

“…First (but probably least importantly), the CDM has played a role in increasing domestic demand for low-carbon technologies. The empirical literature agrees that the CDM has encouraged North-to-South technology transfer (de Coninck et al, 2007;Haites et al, 2006;Dechezleprêtre et al, 2008;Gandenberger, Bodenheimer, Schleichab, Orzannaa, and Gandenberger, 2015;Murphy et al, 2015). Roughly 40% of CDM projects induced a technology transfer.…”

The clean development mechanism and technology transfer: firm-level evidence from India

“…The DiD estimators turn out to be insignificant in all specifications; even if they are positive throughout. It could be because they are more likely to take up small projects based on simple technologies where the scope of technology transfers is limited (Gandenberger et al, 2016;Murphy et al, 2013). It is seen that the adoption of large projects does influence their R&D efforts positively.…”

“…A fairly large body of literature has investigated the role of CDM in promoting transfers of clean technology and expertise from the technologically advanced North to the South (Chatterjee, 2011;Cox, 2010;Das, 2011;de Coninck et al, 2007;Dechezleprêtre et al, 2008Dechezleprêtre et al, , 2009Doranova et al, 2011;Gandenberger et al, 2016;Haites et al, 2006;Hansen, 2011;Lema and Lema, 2013;Murphy et al, 2013;Schneider et al, 2008;Sepibu, 2009;Wang 2009;Weitzel et al, 2014;Xie et. al., 2013;among others).…”