“…Most of the contributions explore the determinants of the success of equity crowdfunding campaigns and the amount of money raised (Ralcheva and Roosenboom, 2019). Correlations are found with the characteristics of the board of the issuing company, in terms of education and social capital (Ahlers et al, 2015;Barbi and Mattioli, 2019), gender issues (Malaga et al, 2018), age (Borello et al, 2019), the fraction of equity capital retained by the founders (Vismara, 2016), the pledges accumulated in the first week of the campaign (Vulkan et al, 2015), updates posted by the issuing company during the campaign (Block et al, 2018). Giudici (2015) underpins the threats of equity crowdfunding for small investors.…”