Factors in the rising prevalence of multiple sclerosis in the north-east of Ireland

Gray, OM; McDonnell, G V; Hawkins, S. A.

doi:10.1177/1352458508090663

Cited by 43 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The increasing temporal trend with an overall female to male ratio (1.9) of MS risk for entire study period concurs with the findings of several other studies conducted across the globe including Canada (3.2) [3] , French West Indies (2.0) [37] , Isfahan, Iran (3.3) [10] , Japan (3.4) [38] , South-East Wales, UK (4.3) [35] , Ireland (2.0) [39] , Finland (2.2) [36] , New Zealand (2.7) [40] , Sweden (2.7) [41,42] , Denmark (2.0) [43] , Oslo, Norway (2.3) [44] , Spain (4.0) [7] and other European countries (3.4) [45] . A meta-regression analysis of most of the aforementioned studies highlighted the rise in MS incidence and prevalence over recent 3-6 decades mainly due to the increased burden of relapsing-remitting MS in females [8] .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Retrospective Cohort Study of Gender Differential in Risk of Multiple Sclerosis in Kuwait

et al. 2016

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Background: Despite an increase in the incidence of multiple sclerosis (MS) in the Middle-East, there is a paucity of published data on sex ratio among MS patients in the region. Therefore, this retrospective cohort study determined sex ratio by year of birth of MS patients born from January 1, 1950, to December 31, 2000, who were diagnosed and registered in the Kuwait National MS Registry till April 30, 2013. Methods: Patients were classified into 5-year periods according to their year of birth. Sex ratio (female:male) and its 95% CI for each period were computed. Using binomial logistic regression, sex ratio in MS patients was modeled with respect to year of birth and nationality. Results: Of 1,035 patients with MS, 675 (65.2%) were women and 798 (77.1%) Kuwaiti. Sex ratio (female:male) of MS cases for entire study period was 1.9 (range 0.4-3.0). Multivariable logistic regression model showed that with each passing year of birth, there was statistically significant 8% increase in sex ratio (female:male) for vulnerability to MS risk (adjusted OR 1.08; 95% CI 1.06-1.09; p < 0.001). Conclusions: There was a statistically significant steady increase on logarithmic scale in the gender disparity for MS risk over the study period. This study from the Middle-East adds to the existing persuasive evidence of enhanced MS risk in women. Further insight in the context of differential risk factors including the role of sex hormones and vitamin D deficiency in MS pathogenesis may help designing preventive strategies.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Retrospective Cohort Study of Gender Differential in Risk of Multiple Sclerosis in Kuwait

et al. 2016

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“…Other explanatory factors for an increasing MS incidence are largely unknown but changes in environmental factors have been suggested [28,29]. In line with our study, several other studies reported that the increasing MS incidence was mostly attributable to an increase among women [23,25,27,30,31,32,33,34]. Solid evidence for the shift in F:M sex ratio is yet unknown but perhaps changing lifestyle factors among women, e.g.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Incidence of Multiple Sclerosis in the General Population in the Netherlands, 1996–2008

et al. 2012

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Background: We estimated the multiple sclerosis (MS) incidence in the Netherlands for better active monitoring of potential vaccine safety signals. Methods: A retrospective cohort study (1996–2008) was conducted using a population-based general practice research database containing electronic medical records. Additional information was collected to validate incident probable cases. Results: In the source population (648,656 persons), 146 incident probable MS cases were identified. Overall incidence rate was 6.3/100,000 person years (py; 95% CI, 5.2–7.2). In the subgroup in which MS could be fully validated, the incidence increased from 4/100,000 py (95% CI, 3–5) in 1996–2004 to 9/100,000 py in 2007/8 (95% CI, 6–16). This increase was highest among women, but not statistically significantly different by gender. The median lag time between first recorded symptoms and MS diagnosis decreased from 32 months (<1998) to 2 months (>2005). Conclusions: MS is rare in the Netherlands. In recent years, there was a slight increase in the incidence especially among women during the fertile age. This increase coincided with a decrease in lag time between symptoms and diagnosis, both for men and women. This trend should be taken into account in the interpretation of MS cases occurring in a population where new vaccinations will be introduced shortly.

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“…The sample comprised of 202(31.9%) male, and 431(68.1%) females. (20)(21)(22)(23)(24), While (34.1%) of the respondents Aged between (25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35), While (18.8%) of the respondents Aged more than 35. Table (3) that (34.4%) of the respondents belong to the eastern region, while (33.5%) of them belong to the western region, (20.4%) of them belong to the Central Region, and (7.3%) of them belong to the southern district.…”

Section: Methodology:-mentioning

confidence: 95%

Prevalence of Multiple Sclerosis in Saudi Arabia

Alshanqiti¹,

Alotaibi²,

Alahmed³

et al. 2016

IJAR

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This study aimed at detecting a rough estimation of the prevalence of multiple sclerosis among citizens of Saudi Arabia. Methodology:It is a cross sectional study purposed to estimate the prevalence of multiple sclerosis in KSA in 2016. It involved 633 individual from the society of Saudi Arabia. Results and conclusion:Most of the respondents (68.1%)were female, Also most of them (47.1%) aged between (20-24) , (94.5%) of them were Saudi national, the largest proportion of them (34.4%) live in the eastern region, (69.8%) of them hold a university degree, and (57.7%) of the respondents are single. Also, we found out that (66.2%) of the respondents don't know if they have MS or not, while (64.1%) of them don't have relatives suffer from MS, as (24.3%) of the relatives who suffer from MS were cousins, and the most common suspicious symptom of MS was Fatigue Exhaustion as (6.8%) of the respondents have that symptom, also (96.4%) of the respondents don't suffer from immune diseases, and most of those who suffer from immune diseases (26.1%) suffer from eczema. Also, (86.1%) of the respondents don't suffer from Genetics diseases, while(18.2%) of the respondents who suffer from Genetic disease suffer from diabetes, and (71.7) of the respondents who suffer MS are females, while 49.1%) of the respondents who suffer MS aged between 25-35, (84.9%) of the respondents who suffer MS are Saudi national, and (39.6%) of the respondents who suffer MS live in the Objectives:-Central region, as (73.6%) of the respondents who suffer MS hold a university degree. The analysis illustrated that (64.2%) of the respondents who suffer from MS don't have relatives suffer from MS, and (33. ISSN: 2320-5407Int. J. Adv. Res. 4(12), 1581-1600 1582 (83.0%) of the respondents who suffer from MS don't suffer from immune diseases, and (22.2 %) of the respondents who suffer from MS and immune diseases suffer from rhumatic fever or erthymatosis, as (96.2%) of the respondents who suffer from MS don't suffer from Genetic disease, and (50%) of the respondents who suffer from MS and Genetics disease suffer from diabetes or hypertension. The results of analysis illustrated that there were statistically significant differences between those with and without MS as regard to age, nationality and the region (P<0.05), while there were no statistically significant differences as regard to gender, education and marital status(P>0.05). Also, MS was more prevalent between 25 and 30 years (49.1%), in Saudi nation (84.9%) and the central region (39.6%). Also, there were statistically significant differences at the level of significance (P <0.05), in the prevalence of MS in the relatives of the patients with and without MS in favor of no prevalence of MS in the relatives of (64.1%) patients with and without of respondents, We found that there were statistically significant differences between those with and without MS as regard to absence of suspicious symptoms of MS of Weakness in arm or leg, Loss of Balance and Anxiety (P<0.05), while there were no statistically sign...

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Factors in the rising prevalence of multiple sclerosis in the north-east of Ireland

Abstract: Northern Ireland continues to have a rising prevalence of MS. The increase in incidence suggests a true increase in the disease.

Cited by 43 publications

References 36 publications

Retrospective Cohort Study of Gender Differential in Risk of Multiple Sclerosis in Kuwait

Retrospective Cohort Study of Gender Differential in Risk of Multiple Sclerosis in Kuwait

Incidence of Multiple Sclerosis in the General Population in the Netherlands, 1996–2008

Prevalence of Multiple Sclerosis in Saudi Arabia

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