Factors influencing chloride transport in concrete structures exposed to marine environments

Song, Hao; Lee, Chang-Hong; Ann, Ki Yong

doi:10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2007.09.005

Cited by 389 publications

(141 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…5, presumably due to the higher level of chloride binding and sorptivity. With increased chloride binding capacity, total chloride contents increase nearer the surface of the concrete, but decrease deeper in the concrete (Glass and Buenfeld 2000;Song et al 2008). As discussed earlier, it is suggested that the higher hydration rate for the the pozzolanic action of silica fume results in the formation of a higher content of C-S-H phases.…”

Section: The Influence Of the Curing Time On Surface Chloride Contentmentioning

confidence: 56%

Effect of Wet Curing Duration on Long-Term Performance of Concrete in Tidal Zone of Marine Environment

Khanzadeh-Moradllo

Meshkini

Eslamdoost

et al. 2015

International Journal of Concrete Structures and Materials

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A proper initial curing is a very simple and inexpensive alternative to improve concrete cover quality and accordingly extend the service life of reinforced concrete structures exposed to aggressive species. A current study investigates the effect of wet curing duration on chloride penetration in plain and blended cement concretes which subjected to tidal exposure condition in south of Iran for 5 years. The results show that wet curing extension preserves concrete against high rate of chloride penetration at early ages and decreases the difference between initial and long-term diffusion coefficients due to improvement of concrete cover quality. But, as the length of exposure period to marine environment increased the effects of initial wet curing became less pronounced. Furthermore, a relationship is developed between wet curing time and diffusion coefficient at early ages and the effect of curing length on time-to-corrosion initiation of concrete is addressed.

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Section: The Influence Of the Curing Time On Surface Chloride Contentmentioning

confidence: 56%

Effect of Wet Curing Duration on Long-Term Performance of Concrete in Tidal Zone of Marine Environment

Khanzadeh-Moradllo

Meshkini

Eslamdoost

et al. 2015

International Journal of Concrete Structures and Materials

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“…The other models [27][28][29] resulted in values of chloride concentration very close throughout the study period. However, the curve referring to the Ann et al [28] tends to distance itself from the other two because the surface concentration of this model tends to grow indefinitely with time.…”

Section: Figure 11mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…were chosen within the ranges found in the literature [10,12,26,28,29]. Due to the lack of more accurate data, the temperature and relative humidity of the concrete pores were considered in equilibrium with the atmosphere.…”

Section: Temperature and Humiditymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ann et al [28] and Song et al [29] present models that consider an initial accumulation of chlorides on the surface, which then increases with the exposure time, from Equations 37 and 38, respectively.…”

Section: ( 36 )mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Table 10 shows the control variables that make up this study and their respective values. This study used the surface concentration data presented by Bentz et al (1996) apud Song [29], employed by Song [29] in proposing his model. From the parameters presented by the author, nonlinear regression was performed to adjust the curves of the other models.…”

Section: Influence Of Different Surface Concentration Models On Chlormentioning

confidence: 99%

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Computational modeling for predicting corrosion initiation in reinforced concrete structures

Dominicini

Gama

2017

Rev. IBRACON Estrut. Mater.

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ResumoThis article presents a model for penetration of chloride by diffusion in reinforced concrete structures based on the solution of the Fick's 2nd Law, using the finite element method (FEM) in two-dimensional domain. This model predicts the time, in a given situation, so that a certain limit of chlorides for depassivation of reinforcement is reached, characterizing the end of service life. Several approaches for the chloride surface concentration and for the diffusion coefficient are used, parameter which must be corrected due to the effects of temperature, solar radiation, exposure time, and relative humidity. Moreover, a parametric analysis is carried out in order to study the factors involved and their impact on the ingress of chlorides by diffusion, contributing to a better understanding of the phenomenon. In addition, the developed model is applied to the cities of Vitória (ES) and Florianópolis (SC) to analyze the service life for different concrete covers, making a comparison with the Brazilian standard.Keywords: chlorides, corrosion, diffusion, finite element method, service life.Este trabalho apresenta um modelo de penetração de cloretos por difusão em estruturas de concreto armado baseado na solução da 2ª Lei de Fick, utilizando o método dos elementos finitos (MEF) no domínio bidimensional. Este modelo prevê o tempo necessário, em determinada situação, para que um determinado limite de cloretos para a despassivação da armadura seja atingido, caracterizando o fim da vida útil. Utilizam-se diversas abordagens para a concentração superficial de cloretos e para o coeficiente de difusão, parâmetro que deve ser corrigido devido aos efeitos da temperatura, da radiação solar, do tempo de exposição e da umidade relativa. Além do mais, é realizada análise paramétrica visando o estudo dos fatores intervenientes e seus impactos na penetração de cloretos por difusão, de modo a contribuir para uma maior compreensão do fenômeno. Ademais, o modelo desenvolvido é aplicado às cidades de Vitória (ES) e Florianópolis (SC) analisando-se a vida útil para diferentes cobrimentos de concreto, fazendo um paralelo com a norma brasileira.Palavras-chave: cloretos, corrosão, difusão, método dos elementos finitos, vida útil.

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Electrochemical corrosion parameters for active and passive reinforcing steel in carbonated and sound concrete

Sohail

Laurens

Deby

et al. 2021

Materials & Corrosion

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The electrochemical corrosion parameters, such as corrosion potential, corrosion current density, and the Tafel constants are necessary inputs for the corrosion modeling in reinforced concrete. Literature shows large variability in their values, whereas the data are scarce for the carbonated concrete. This paper presents a range of corrosion parameters for the active steel in carbonated and the passive steel in noncarbonated concrete. Forty-eight singly reinforced concrete cylinders were cast, of which 24 were carbonated and the others were sound samples. Potentiodynamic polarization curves were obtained at three different scan rates and extrapolated to extract the corrosion parameters. To validate these parameters, a macrocell corrosion system was simulated using FEM-based Comsol multiphysics® software. The numerical results were compared to two experimental studies. A natural dispersion in the values of corrosion parameters for both active and passive steels was observed.The average Stern-Geary constant was 54 and 47 mV for active and passive steels, respectively. Numerical simulations with the obtained parameters predicted the macrocell corrosion in partially carbonated concrete with a high accuracy. The presented values of corrosion parameters in this study could help researchers and engineers to simulate the corrosion phenomena in concrete accurately.carbonation of concrete, corrosion parameters, numerical modeling of corrosion, reinforcement corrosion in concrete, Tafel plots | INTRODUCTIONCorrosion in reinforced concrete (RC) has become a significant cause of the deterioration of civil infrastructure and a massive burden on the global economy. Although, the concrete cover provides physical and chemical protection to the rebar thanks to its basic pH (~13), which enables a passive layer at reinforcement and hinders corrosion. [1,2] However, carbonation in concrete lowers the pH below 9, which destroys the passive layer and initiates the corrosion process. Corrosion initiation in RC structures takes several years, and the artificially This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Factors influencing chloride transport in concrete structures exposed to marine environments

Cited by 389 publications

References 19 publications

Effect of Wet Curing Duration on Long-Term Performance of Concrete in Tidal Zone of Marine Environment

Effect of Wet Curing Duration on Long-Term Performance of Concrete in Tidal Zone of Marine Environment

Computational modeling for predicting corrosion initiation in reinforced concrete structures

Electrochemical corrosion parameters for active and passive reinforcing steel in carbonated and sound concrete

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