Factors influencing flower development in kiwifruit vines

Richardson, Annette; Eyre, Victoria; Rebstock, Ria; Popowski, Elizabeth; Nardozza, Simona

doi:10.17660/actahortic.2022.1332.20

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 99 publications

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“…Kiwifruit buds become dormant in winter and subsequent bud floral production is influenced by winter chilling. The next spring, the time from budbreak to flowering is advanced by warmer temperatures and here it was 62 to 69 days, which is in agreement with other studies that can vary between 52 and 85 days [3].…”

Section: Crop Yieldsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…production is of high economic importance in several European countries, including Italy and Portugal. Kiwifruit yield and quality depend on crop management (fertilization, pruning, irrigation) and environmental factors [1][2][3]. For physical protection against adverse environmental factors such as hail, excessive temperatures and/or strong winds, photo-selective nets are increasingly being used on Actinidia spp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Photo-Selective Nets on Yield, Fruit Quality and Psa Disease Progression in a ‘Hayward’ Kiwifruit Orchard

et al. 2022

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The influence of the colour of photo-selective nets on Actinidia deliciosa yield, fruit quality and progression of the bacterial kiwifruit canker (Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae, Psa) need to be characterised due to increasing use of these nets, mainly to protect from hail and storms. From May 2019 onwards, pearl (Pn), yellow (Yn) and grey (Gn) nets were installed permanently in a ‘Hayward’ kiwifruit orchard in NW Portugal and uncovered plants were used as the control. Compared to outside conditions for both seasons, the blue:red ratio and the mean air temperature were higher (mean increase of 12.7% and 0.6 °C, respectively) and the photosynthetic active radiation (PAR) was lower (10.8% less between budbreak and bloom) under the Pn. Crop yield, compared to the control, decreased by 40.3% under the three nets in 2020, and by 23.9% under the Yn and Gn in 2021. Yield and fruit grade under the Pn were similar to that of uncovered crops in 2021, and fruit grade was overall higher under the Pn compared to the Yn and Gn. Photo-selective nets did not affect the fruit quality parameters. Psa progression decreased under the Pn compared to the control during two months in both seasons, although this beneficial impact needs further evaluation.

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Section: Crop Yieldsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Photo-Selective Nets on Yield, Fruit Quality and Psa Disease Progression in a ‘Hayward’ Kiwifruit Orchard

et al. 2022

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“…Recently, a possible role of climate change has been proposed, highlighting the influence of high air and soil temperatures and vapor pressure deficit (VPD) on kiwifruit plant physiology and anatomy [19,20,[27][28][29][30]. Rising temperatures and a VPD following climate change are considered among the main causative agents of plant decline and reduced crop productivity [31,32].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Xylem Hydraulic Conductance Role in Kiwifruit Decline Syndrome Occurrence

Mandalà,

Monaco,

Nari

et al. 2024

Horticulturae

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Kiwifruit decline syndrome (KiDS) has affected kiwifruit orchards for more than ten years in the Mediterranean area, severely compromising productivity and causing extensive uprooting. The affected plants go through an irreversible and fast wilting process. The problem has not been solved yet, and a single cause has not been identified. In this work, we carried out a survey on ten five-year-old healthy kiwifruit cv. Hayward plants cultivated in an area strongly affected by KiDS are characterised by a rising temperature and vapor pressure deficit (VPD). Five plants were located in a KiDS-affected orchard. Our goal was to assess the hydraulic conductance of asymptomatic plants in a KiDS-affected area where rising climate change stress is underway. Our hypothesis was that a rising temperature and VPD could impair xylem functionality, leading the plants to develop strategies of tolerance, such as vessel narrowing, or stress symptoms, such as cavitation or implosion, inducing a higher risk of KiDS onset. Hydraulic conductance was investigated using a physiological and morphological approach to detect trunk sap flow; trunk growth and daily diameter variations; leaf gas exchanges and temperature; stem water potential; and the root xylem vessel diameter and vulnerability to cavitation. A strong xylem vessel narrowing was observed in all plants, with the highest frequency in the 30–45 µm diameter class, which is an indicator of long-term adaptation to a rising VPD. In some plants, cavitation and implosion were also observed, which are indicative of a short-term stress response; this behaviour was detected in the plants in the KiDS-affected orchard, where a high leaf temperature (>39 °C), low stomatal conductance (<0.20 mol H2O m−2 s−1) and transpiration (<3 mmol H2O m−2 s−1), low stem water potential (<−1 MPa), high vulnerability to cavitation (3.7 μm mm−2), low trunk sap flow and high daily stem diameter variation confirmed the water stress status. The concurrence of climate stress and agronomic management in predisposing conditions favourable to KiDS onset are discussed, evidencing the role of soil preparation, propagation material and previous crop.

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Axillary Bud, Shoot and Flower Development

Richardson,

Varkonyi-Gasic

2023

Kiwifruit

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Factors influencing flower development in kiwifruit vines

Cited by 5 publications

References 99 publications

Effect of Photo-Selective Nets on Yield, Fruit Quality and Psa Disease Progression in a ‘Hayward’ Kiwifruit Orchard

Effect of Photo-Selective Nets on Yield, Fruit Quality and Psa Disease Progression in a ‘Hayward’ Kiwifruit Orchard

Xylem Hydraulic Conductance Role in Kiwifruit Decline Syndrome Occurrence

Axillary Bud, Shoot and Flower Development

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