Factors Influencing Health Literacy Among Migrants in Taiwan

Abstract

Introduction: With increasing migration from the Asian countries, enhancing migrant health literacy in Taiwan is crucial. This study addresses a significant gap in health literacy research, particularly concerning immigrants of both genders and from diverse countries. Its purpose is to assess health literacy levels among migrants and identify associated factors to provide a comprehensive understanding of this issue. Methods: This quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted between December 2022 and January 2024, involving first-generation migrants aged above 20 years. Data were collected anonymously using the HLS-EU-Q47 questionnaire, available in English, Vietnamese, and Indonesian. Results: Participants, mainly of Asian background, generally had low health literacy. Significant factors associated with higher health literacy included marital status, father’s education, employment, health care training, transportation usage, ability to pay medical fees, income, and household arrangements. Educational courses and health seminars also improved health literacy. Discussion: The findings highlight the need for targeted interventions to enhance health literacy among migrants, considering demographic and socioeconomic factors.