Factors influencing oral carriage of yeasts among individuals with diabetes mellitus

Abstract

SUMMARYA total of 439 individuals with diabetes mellitus were examined for carriage of yeasts by the oral rinse and palatal swab techniques. Eighteen genetic or environment variables were assessed for their contribution to carriage of yeasts. The factor contributing to palatal and oral carriage of yeasts among individuals with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) was age (P < 0-01). The factor contributing to palatal carriage of yeasts among individuals with non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) was poor glyeaemic control (glycosuria P < 001); carriage in the oral cavity as a whole was influenced additionally by non-secretion of ABH blood group antigens (P < 0.05). Introduction of a denture altered the above risk factors. For individuals with IDDM, oral carriage was associated with the presence of retinopathy (P < 0 05); palatal carriage was influenced by poor glycaemic control (HbA,P < 001, plasma glucose levels P < 0-05) and age (P < 0 05). For those with NIDDM, palatal carriage was associated with continuous presence of the denture in the mouth (P < 0-01); oral carriage was associated with plasma glucose levels (P < 0 05).

Microbiological Profile of Oral Infections in Diabetic Patients and Non-Diabetic Controls in SouthWest, Cameroon

“…Results from this study revealed that diabetes mellitus might enhance oral candidal colonization and proliferation (11,25). On the contrary, Pinducciu and colleagues (1997) did not notice any significant difference in the isolation of both anaerobic and aerobic microbial flora in 31 diabetics and 20 non-diabetics.…”

Species distribution and influence of glycemic control on fungal infections in pregnant women with diabetes

“…Accurate identification of strains isolated from diabetic patients is especially important because they are more likely to carry species other than C. albicans which might not be sensitive to certain antifungal agents. 1,7 Recently, Goswami et al reported that C. glabrata (39%) was a predominant species isolated from vagina of diabetic Indian women and C. albicans was detected only in 26%. Surprisingly, in healthy women C. glabrata was as frequent as C. albicans (30%).…”

“…1 The influence of diabetes on the frequency of fungal invasion is still unclear. We did not find any published study considering glycemia in diabetic pregnancies and its relation to mycoses.…”

“…Furthermore, data concerning species specificity in diabetic patients are insufficient. 2 Thus, the objectives of the study were: (1) to find the distribution of species among fungal strains isolated from vagina, rectum and oral cavity of pregnant women with diabetes mellitus type I (DM), gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and non-diabetics (CON); (2) to analyse the influence of glycemic status-measured by glycolised hemoglobine (HbA1), mean glucose level during 1 week and glycemic profile during 1 day proceeding mycological examination-on the prevalence of fungi in diabetic pregnant women.…”

Identification of Candidal Species from the Oral Cavity of Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Groups

“…Among the reasons making diabetic patients more susceptible to oral candidiasis are high levels of salivary glucose, low secretion of saliva, impaired chemotaxis, and defect of phagocytosis due to polymorphonuclear leukocyte deficiency. The attachment of C. albicans to the crystalline hydroxyapatite produces collagenolytic enzyme, which increases crystal solubility and consumes nitrogen of dentin collagen in DM patients [8,9,10] .…”