Factors influencing performance of competitive and amateur rhythmic gymnastics—Gender differences

Cagno, Alessandra di; Baldari, Carlo; Battaglia, Cristina; Monteiro, Maria Dolores; Pappalardo, A; Piazza, Marina; Guidetti, Laura

doi:10.1016/j.jsams.2008.01.006

Cited by 62 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The participants performed 3 different landing styles using the dominant lower extremity, which was defined as the limb preferred for the single-legged landing, from a 30-cm box (women) or a 45-cm box (men). The men landed from a greater box height because their jump capacities are often greater than those of women [21][22][23][24] and because we confirmed that recreationally active men and women could successfully perform the 3 landing styles from these box heights. After digitization procedures were performed as described previously, 16 the participants were familiarized with single-legged drop landings until they were comfortable with all styles.…”

Section: Data Collectionmentioning

confidence: 56%

Changing Sagittal-Plane Landing Styles to Modulate Impact and Tibiofemoral Force Magnitude and Directions Relative to the Tibia

Shimokochi

Ambegaonkar

Meyer

2016

Journal of Athletic Training

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Context: Ground reaction force (GRF) and tibiofemoral force magnitudes and directions have been shown to affect anterior cruciate ligament loading during landing. However, the kinematic and kinetic factors modifying these 2 forces during landing are unknown.Objective: To clarify the intersegmental kinematic and kinetic links underlying the alteration of the GRF and tibiofemoral force vectors secondary to changes in the sagittal-plane body position during single-legged landing.Design: Crossover study. Setting: Laboratory.Patients or Other Participants: Twenty recreationally active participants (age ¼ 23.4 6 3.6 years, height ¼ 171.0 6 9.4 cm, mass ¼ 73.3 6 12.7 kg).Intervention(s): Participants performed single-legged landings using 3 landing styles: self-selected landing (SSL), body leaning forward and landing on the toes (LFL), and body upright with flat-footed landing (URL). Three-dimensional kinetics and kinematics were recorded.Main Outcome Measure(s): Sagittal-plane tibial inclination and knee-flexion angles, GRF magnitude and inclination angles relative to the tibia, and proximal tibial forces at peak tibial axial forces.Results: The URL resulted in less time to peak tibial axial forces, smaller knee-flexion angles, and greater magnitude and a more anteriorly inclined GRF vector relative to the tibia than did the SSL. These changes led to the greatest peak tibial axial and anterior shear forces in the URL among the 3 landing styles. Conversely, the LFL resulted in longer time to peak tibial axial forces, greater knee-flexion angles, and reduced magnitude and a more posteriorly inclined GRF vector relative to the tibia than the SSL. These changes in LFL resulted in the lowest peak tibial axial and largest posterior shear forces among the 3 landing styles.Conclusions: Sagittal-plane intersegmental kinematic and kinetic links strongly affected the magnitude and direction of GRF and tibiofemoral forces during the impact phase of singlelegged landing. Therefore, improving sagittal-plane landing mechanics is important in reducing harmful magnitudes and directions of impact forces on the anterior cruciate ligament.Key Words: anterior cruciate ligament, tibial posterior slope, lower extremity biomechanics, injury prevention, landing strategy Key PointsAt the impact phase of single-legged landing, sagittal-plane kinetics and kinematics of body segments were strongly related, affecting both the magnitude and direction of the ground reaction force (GRF) and tibiofemoral forces relative to the tibia and anterior cruciate ligament injury risk. A longer time to peak GRF in single-legged landing on the toes with the body leaning forward allowed greater knee flexion, anterior tibial inclination, and shock attenuation, leading to a reduced magnitude of GRF that was more posteriorly inclined relative to the tibia and smaller tibial axial forces and posteriorly directed tibial shear forces. A shorter time to peak GRF during flat-footed landing with the body upright led to less knee flexion, anterior tibial inclination, and s...

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Section: Data Collectionmentioning

confidence: 56%

Changing Sagittal-Plane Landing Styles to Modulate Impact and Tibiofemoral Force Magnitude and Directions Relative to the Tibia

Shimokochi

Ambegaonkar

Meyer

2016

Journal of Athletic Training

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“…Establecer un perfil de alto rendimiento especí-fico para cada deporte es uno de ellos para poder realizar una buena detección de talentos y alcanzar el mayor rendimiento posible (Claessens et al, 1999;Di Cagno et al, 2009;Slezynski & Swiat, 1997;Rodríguez et al, 2014). Dentro de la especialización en cada deporte también es necesario determinar patrones morfológicos más aptos para un determinado puesto o rol (Krüger et al, 2014;Slezynski & Swiat).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…El portor es la persona que sujeta y el ágil la persona que realiza los elementos de flexibilidad, equilibrio y combinaciones encima del portor o, grandes saltos acrobáticos en fase aérea mediante propulsiones de los portores para recepcionar de nuevo sobre ellos o en el suelo (Vernetta et al, 2007). El desempeño de un determinado rol adquiere mayor importancia que el sexo del gimnasta, así como confirmó un estudio realizado en Gimnasia Rítmica por Di Cagno et al (2009) que sugiere que los hombres y las mujeres con mayor nivel no presentan diferencias antropométricas.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Índices de Proporcionalidad y Composición Corporal de la Élite de Gimnasia Acrobática

2015

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RESUMEN: El objetivo del estudio fue determinar los índices de proporcionalidad y la composición corporal de la Gimnasia Acrobática estableciéndose una diferenciación en función del rol. La muestra fue compuesta por 150 gimnastas de toda España. Se realizó el análisis y la comparación de los diferentes índices de proporcionalidad y la composición corporal en ambos grupos (ágiles y portores). El porcentaje de grasa fue significativamente (p<0,001) superior en los portores (15,1% de grasa), mientras que el porcentaje óseo fue mayor en los ágiles (19,82%). En cuanto a los índices de proporcionalidad no se encontraron diferencias significativas entre ambos roles. Se aprecian diferencias significativas en relación al porcentaje de grasa y óseo entre los ágiles y los portores, siendo el porcentaje graso inferior en los ágiles y el óseo inferior en los portores. Ambos grupos se caracterizan por tener extremidades superiores cortas, siendo las inferiores largas en los ágiles e intermedias en los portores. Ambos roles presentan un tronco intermedio y de forma intermedia.PALABRAS CLAVE: Antropometría; Composición corporal; Morfología; Gimnasia acrobática; Gimnasia. INTRODUCCIÓNLa determinación de los parámetros antropométricos de las diferentes especialidades deportivas es una de las lí-neas que sigue las Ciencias del Deporte persiguiendo diferentes objetivos. Establecer un perfil de alto rendimiento especí-fico para cada deporte es uno de ellos para poder realizar una buena detección de talentos y alcanzar el mayor rendimiento posible (Claessens et al., 1999;Di Cagno et al., 2009;Slezynski & Swiat, 1997;Rodríguez et al., 2014). Dentro de la especialización en cada deporte también es necesario determinar patrones morfológicos más aptos para un determinado puesto o rol (Krüger et al., 2014;Slezynski & Swiat).Por otro lado, Classens et al. (1996), establecieron que el perfil morfológico en gimnasia se encuentra relacionado con la tasa de lesión, por lo que los estudios antropométricos permiten realizar una mejor prevención de lesiones.La composición corporal y los índices de proporcionalidad son parámetros muy estudiados en ciertas disciplinas gimnásticas pertenecientes a la Federación Internacional de Gimnasia (FIG) como la Gimnasia Artística Masculina y Femenina (GAM y GAF), Gimnasia Rítmica (GR), Trampolín y Gimnasia Aeróbica (GAer) donde existe una mayor evidencia científica referente a la tipología morfológica (Claessens et al., 1991(Claessens et al., , 1999Bester & Coetzee, 2010;Díaz et al., 2008;Ávila-Carvalho et al., 2012;Klentrou & Plyley, 2003; Lopez-Benedicto et al., 1991;Quintero et al., 2011;Vernetta et al., 2011;Gómez-Landero et al., 2004López Bedoya et al., 1999;Mineva, 2011) No obstante en Gimnasia Acrobática (GA), al ser la última disciplina gimnástica integrada en la FIG en 1999, los estudios se encuentran en las primeras etapas de desarrollo, por lo que no existen muchos trabajos científicos, siendo el de Slezynski & Swiat uno de los realizados sobre el perfil antropométrico de gimnastas de GA de clase mu...

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“…Along with flexibility, explosive strength, aerobic capacity and anaerobic metabolism, anthropometric characteristics of the athletes prove to be basic for the routine practices in the discipline (Douda et al), with translates into a better performance (Di Cagno et al, 2008, 2009). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Rhythmic Gymnastics (RG) the constitutive physical aspects of the athlete play a major role from the choice of young talents (Sedeaud et al;Miletic et al, 2004;Hume et al, 1993) until developing into elite gymnastics. The morphological factor is one of the basic factors for success (Di Cagno et al, 2008), as well as the psychological behavior (Sedeaud et al;Di Cagno et al, 2009), food (D'Alessandro et al, 2007), age and maturity (Frish et al, 1981;Tringali et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anthropometric Characteristics of Elite Rhythmic Gymnasts

et al. 2016

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ARRIAZA, E.; RODRÍGUEZ, C.; CARRASCO, C.; MARDONES, C.; NIEDMANN, L. & LÓPEZ-FUENZALIDA, A.Anthropometric characteristics of elite rhythmic gymnasts. Int. J. Morphol., 34(1):17-22, 2016. SUMMARY:The main aim of this study was to identify the morphological characteristics, to determine the tendency in the physical structure, differences and similarities according to categories based on age of the Chilean team of Rhythmic Gymnastics. We performed an anthropometric analysis of 60 gymnasts, fractioned by categories: preschoolers and schoolers (n= 11), junior (n= 28) and senior (n= 21). The anthropometric analysis was determined based on the study of the body composition, through pentacompartimental fractionation method (Kerr), somatotype (Heath & Carter) and the body mass index (Quetelet). The results showed significant differences between preschoolers and schoolers and higher categories (junior and senior) in the general anthropometric variables of body mass, height and BMI. Regarding the body composition, we only found significant differences in the percentage of muscle mass between the preschoolers and schoolers when being compared with the other two categories. In the study of somatotype, the prevalence of ectomorphic categorization was only found in the preschoolers and schoolers (meso-ectomorph), while in the junior category a mesomorph-ectomorph somatotype was observed and a central type in the senior category. We conclude that the morphology of the selected Chilean Rhythmic gymnastics depends on the category, as observed in the anthropometric characteristics related to the body composition and somatotype. Therefore, this factor is not useful in establishing a clearer tendency in the morph structure for this sport at a national level.

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Factors influencing performance of competitive and amateur rhythmic gymnastics—Gender differences

Cited by 62 publications

References 8 publications

Changing Sagittal-Plane Landing Styles to Modulate Impact and Tibiofemoral Force Magnitude and Directions Relative to the Tibia

Changing Sagittal-Plane Landing Styles to Modulate Impact and Tibiofemoral Force Magnitude and Directions Relative to the Tibia

Índices de Proporcionalidad y Composición Corporal de la Élite de Gimnasia Acrobática

Anthropometric Characteristics of Elite Rhythmic Gymnasts

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