Factors Influencing Polyacrylamide Adsorption in Porous Media and Their Effect on Flow Behavior

Lakatos, István; Lakatos-Szabó, J.; Tóth, J.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4757-0337-5_37

Cited by 30 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The effect of sample SAR was less than that of EC-induced CSI variations, probably because the kaolin's relatively high ESP buffered the sample-water's influence. The EC and SAR of sample water influenced kaolin flocculation through effects on clay dispersion (Velasco-Molina et al, 1971), polymer conformation (Lakatos et al, 1981), rheology (Tam and Tiu, 1993), and polymer adsorption (Lakatos et al, 1981). Soil additions to the water may have affected kaolinite flocculation by increasing levels of dissolved organic compounds.…”

Section: Results and Discussion Sensitivity Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating Polyacrylamide Concentration in Irrigation Water

1996

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One practice used to control irrigation-induced erosion amends irrigation furrow inflows with water-soluble, anionic polyacrylamide (PAM) at low concentrations (0.25-10 mg L-I). Researchers wish to determine the fate of PAM, once added to furrow water streams. We developed and tested an instrumented flocculation test for quantifying PAM concentration in irrigation water. A kaolinite mineral standard is mixed with a PAM-amended water sample, agitated, then placed in a spectrophotometer. The PAM concentration in the suspension was correlated with settling-related transmittance changes. One highly correlated (r 0.91-0.98) parameter, the time needed to initiate suspension clearing (clarity-shift inflection, C51), was used as the procedure endpoint. The procedure was sensitive to variations in the amount of kaolinite added, and sample volume, water salinity, and original sediment content. A 10% change in these factors altered measured CSIs by 10 to 50%. The sediment affected CSI by increasing the sample's dissolved organic C concentration. The procedure detected as little as 0.1 mg PAM dissolved in irrigation water; in samples containing >4 mt. settled sediment per liter, the PAM detection limit was approximately 0.25 mg L-'. Precision ranged from ±0.06 to 0.11 mg 1.-1 for 0 to 2.5 mg L-' PAM and ±0.39 to 0.86 mg L for 2.5 to 10.0 mg L I PAM. The PAM concentration in runoff from irrigated furrows equaled that of the inflow stream after 3 b continuous treatment at 10 mg L-'. The CSI test provides a simple and accurate method of determining polyacrylamide in surface waters.

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Section: Results and Discussion Sensitivity Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating Polyacrylamide Concentration in Irrigation Water

1996

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“…Ben-Hur and and attributed this effect as the mechanism that reduced particle dispersion when sprinkler irrigating with PAM, which in turn reduced surface sealing and slowed the reduction of infiltration rate. The adsorption of polymers from aqueous media onto mineral surfaces has been reviewed several times (Greenland, 1963(Greenland, , 1972Harris et al, 1966;Theng, 1979Theng, , 1982 and has been the object of numerous investigations (Ben-Hur et al, 1992a,b;Gu and Doner, 1993;Haschke et al, 2002;Lakatos et al, 1981;Letey, 1994;Lu and Wu, 2003a;Lu et al, 2002a;Lurie and Rebhun, 1997;Malik and Letey, 1991;Mukhopadhyay et al, 1994).…”

Section: Pam Properties Affecting Efficacymentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyacrylamide in Agriculture and Environmental Land Management

Sojka

Bjorneberg

Entry

et al. 2007

Advances in Agronomy

355

240

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“…Polymer type and water quality (EC, SAR) influenced PAM adsorption on soil (Lakatos et al 1981;Malik and Letey 1991), soil dispersion (Helalia and Letey 1988), and PAM's aggregate stabilizing capacity (Nadler and Letey 1989;Shainberg et al 1990). PAM impacts on infiltration and hydraulic conductivity were also influenced by the water quality of the soil water or infiltrating polymer solution (Shainberg et al 1990;El-Morsy et al 1991).…”

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confidence: 99%

Field Results Using Polyacrylamide to Manage Furrow Erosion and Infiltration

Lentz¹,

Sojka²

1994

Soil Science

187

128

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Furrow irrigation-induced soil erosion is a serious threat to sustainable irrigated agriculture globally. Recent field studies have demonstrated that small concentrations of polymers dissolved in irrigation water appreciably reduce soil loss from irrigated furrows and increase net infiltration (total inflow -total outflow). This paper summarizes polymer-related field studies conducted in Idaho on highly erodible silt loam soils (Durixerollic Calciorthids, Xerollic Haplargids, Haploxerollic Durargids). A range of furrow lengths (163-264 m), slopes (0.5-7%), and inflows (15-38 L min') were included in the studies. A moderate-charge-density anionic polyacrylamide (PAM), highly effective for controlling furrow sediment losses, was employed in the field trials. Treatment efficacy depended primarily on application rate, PAM concentration in irrigation water, duration of furrow exposure, and inflow rate. Nontreated furrow soil loss in 75% of the irrigations exceeded soil loss tolerance (T) for these soils, whereas only 13% of the PAM-treated irrigations exceeded T. Those treatments that applied at least 0.7 kg ha' PAM (mean, 1.3 kg ha-1) reduced furrow sediment loss by 94% (range: 80-99%) and increased net infiltration by 15% (range: -8-57%). One of the most effective treatments applied PAM at 10 g m-3 in irrigation inflows during the furrow advance period. This initial highload treatment was nearly twice as effective as a continuous 0.25 g in-3 PAM application on these soils when slopes were 1-2%. The initial high-load treatment protected furrows with slopes ranging from 0.5 to 3.5%. PAM reduced total phospho-

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Factors Influencing Polyacrylamide Adsorption in Porous Media and Their Effect on Flow Behavior

Cited by 30 publications

References 16 publications

Estimating Polyacrylamide Concentration in Irrigation Water

Estimating Polyacrylamide Concentration in Irrigation Water

Polyacrylamide in Agriculture and Environmental Land Management

Field Results Using Polyacrylamide to Manage Furrow Erosion and Infiltration

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