Factors influencing salmonella shedding in broiler chickens

Gustafson, R. H.; Kobland, J. D.

doi:10.1017/s0022172400064603

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Campylobacter is generally accepted to be nonpathogenic in its avian host (Lee & Newell, ). Salmonella is a minor taxon in the chicken intestinal microbiome, sporadic in its distribution in poultry (Liljebjelke et al ., ) and transient in its colonization of its avian host (Gustafson & Kobland, ). Salmonella is capable of causing disease in avian species, but susceptibility to disease is dependent on age (Smith & Tucker, ), immune status (Phillips & Opitz, ), and Salmonella serovar or strain type (Jones, ; Barrow, ; Hernandez et al ., ).…”

Section: Roles and Importance Of Human And Chicken Pathogensmentioning

confidence: 99%

The chicken gastrointestinal microbiome

Oakley

Lillehoj

Kogut

et al. 2014

FEMS Microbiol Lett

577

484

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The domestic chicken is a common model organism for human biological research and of course also forms the basis of a global protein industry. Recent methodological advances have spurred the recognition of microbiomes as complex communities with important influences on the health and disease status of the host. In this minireview, we provide an overview of the current state of knowledge of the chicken gastrointestinal microbiome focusing on spatial and temporal variability, the presence and importance of human pathogens, the influence of the microbiota on the immune system, and the importance of the microbiome for poultry nutrition. Review and meta-analysis of public data showed cecal communities dominated by Firmicutes and Bacteroides at the phylum level, while at finer levels of taxonomic resolution, a phylogenetically diverse assemblage of microorganisms appears to have similar metabolic functions that provide important benefits to the host as inferred from metagenomic data. This observation of functional redundancy may have important implications for management of the microbiome. We foresee advances in strategies to improve gut health in commercial operations through management of the intestinal microbiota as an alternative to in-feed subtherapeutic antibiotics, improvements in pre- and probiotics, improved management of polymicrobial poultry diseases, and better control of human pathogens via colonization reduction or competitive exclusion strategies.

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Section: Roles and Importance Of Human And Chicken Pathogensmentioning

confidence: 99%

The chicken gastrointestinal microbiome

Oakley

Lillehoj

Kogut

et al. 2014

FEMS Microbiol Lett

577

484

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This study showed one chick infected with SE in the non-infected control group ( Table 2 ). This result can be explained by some broiler chicks being naturally contaminated with Salmonella from their environment, such as bedding materials ( Gustafson and Kobland, 1984 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heterophil Phagocytic Activity Stimulated by <i>Lactobacillus</i> salivarius L61 and L55 Supplementation in Broilers with <i>Salmonella</i> Infection

Sornplang

Leelavatcharamas

Soikum

2015

Asian Australas. J. Anim. Sci

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Newborn chicks are susceptible to Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis (SE). The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of Lactobacillus probiotic isolated from chicken feces on heterophil phagocytosis in broiler chicks. A total of 150 newborn broiler chicks were divided into 5 groups (30 chicks per group) as follows: group 1 (normal control), given feed and water only, group 2 (positive control) given feed, water and SE infection, group 3 (L61 treated) given feed, water, SE infection followed by Lactobacillus salivarius L61 treatment, group 4 (L55 treated) given feed, water, SE infection followed by L. salivarius L55 treatment, and group 5 given feed, water, SE infection followed by L. salivarius L61 + L55 combination treatment. After SE infection, L. salivarius treatment lasted for 7 days. The results showed that L. salivarius L61 and L. salivarius L55 treatment, either alone or combination of both, increased the survival rate after SE infection, and upregulated heterophil phagocytosis and phagocytic index (PI). Conversely, chick groups treated with Lactobacillus showed lower SE recovery rate from cecal tonsils than that of the positive control group. The PI values of the chicken group with SE infection, followed by the combination of L. salivarius L61 and L. salivarius L55 were the highest as compared to either positive control or normal control group. Two Lactobacillus strains supplementation group showed significantly (p<0.05) higher PI value at 48 h than 24 h after treatment.

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“…The reduced infectivity was also reflected in a delayed excretion, first proved at the age of 21 days. Genetics, housing, age of birds, infection dose/time, and feed are known to influence the frequency and duration of intestinal colonization [ 39 , 44 , 45 ]. As these features were identical in the actual study, the shedding patterns can clearly be attributed to the different nature of the used S .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Infection via the oral route represents the most important way of horizontal transmission of Salmonella in chickens, in the field mainly due to environmental persistence of strains in the stables, resulting in caecal colonization, shedding of the pathogen in faeces and consistent reinfections of birds (41,42,43).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infection dynamics of Salmonella Infantis strains displaying different genetic backgrounds – with or without pESI-like plasmid – vary considerably

Drauch

Kornschober

Palmieri

et al. 2021

Emerging Microbes & Infections

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Food-borne infections with Salmonella are among the most common causes of human diseases worldwide, and infections with the serovar Infantis are becoming increasingly important. So far, diverse phenotypes and genotypes of S . Infantis have been reported. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the infection dynamics of two different S . Infantis strains in broilers. For this purpose, 15 birds were infected on day 2 of life with 10 8 CFU/ml of a pESI+ or a pESI– S . Infantis strain, respectively. Ten uninfected birds served as in-contact birds to monitor transmission. In both groups, an increase of infection was observed from 7 days of age onwards, reaching its peak at 28 days. However, the pESI+ strain proved significantly more virulent being re-isolated from most cloacal swabs and organs by direct plating. In contrast, the pESI– strain could be re-isolated from cloacal swabs and caeca only when enrichment was applied. Although the excretion of this strain was limited, the transmission level to in-contact birds was similar to the pESI+ strain. Differences in infection dynamics were also reflected in the antibody response: whereas the pESI+ strain provoked a significant increase in antibodies, antibody levels following infection with the pESI– strain remained in the range of negative control birds. The actual findings provide for the first time evidence of S . Infantis strain-specific infectivity in broilers and confirm previous observations in the field regarding differences in persistence on farms and resistance against disinfectants.

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Factors influencing salmonella shedding in broiler chickens

Cited by 12 publications

References 22 publications

The chicken gastrointestinal microbiome

The chicken gastrointestinal microbiome

Heterophil Phagocytic Activity Stimulated by <i>Lactobacillus</i> salivarius L61 and L55 Supplementation in Broilers with <i>Salmonella</i> Infection

Infection dynamics of Salmonella Infantis strains displaying different genetic backgrounds – with or without pESI-like plasmid – vary considerably

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