Factors influencing successful implementation of Biosphere Reserves in Vietnam: Challenges, opportunities and lessons learnt

Cuong, Chu Van; Dart, P. J.; Dudley, Nigel; Hockings, Marc

doi:10.1016/j.envsci.2016.10.002

Cited by 33 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The result is a considerable gap between the Biosphere Reserve concept and reality worldwide (Bridgewater, 2016;Cuong et al, 2017a;Ishwaran et al, 2008;Price, 2002;Reed, 2016;Stoll-Kleemann & Welp, 2008). This…”

Section: Biosphere Reserves and Their Role In Implementation Of The Smentioning

confidence: 99%

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2017

PARKS

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Section: Biosphere Reserves and Their Role In Implementation Of The Smentioning

confidence: 99%

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2017

PARKS

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“…A survey of Vietnamese Biosphere Reserves showed that 55 per cent of respondents were concerned about the gap between theory and implementation, mainly because of the lack of legal status nationally (Cuong et al, 2017a). The traditional management practice in Vietnam is strongly based on laws and regulations, and the lack of a national framework might be a reason for delaying participation and collaboration under the Biosphere Reserve approach for most of the sector-based staff and managers.…”

Section: Parks Vol 231 March 2017mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The traditional management practice in Vietnam is strongly based on laws and regulations, and the lack of a national framework might be a reason for delaying participation and collaboration under the Biosphere Reserve approach for most of the sector-based staff and managers. Lack of legal status can, however, provide a certain level of flexibility, allowing for adaptive interpretation and application of the central laws and regulations in order to fit local conditions (Cuong et al, 2017a). In Vietnam, nearly all the Biosphere Reserves are directly under the authority of the provincial government, which includes parks and protected area authorities, as well as other sectors such as agriculture, forestry, fisheries and tourism (Cuong et al, 2017a).…”

Section: Parks Vol 231 March 2017mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Challenges of the Anthropocene for Biosphere Reserves

Stoll-Kleeman¹,

O’Riordan²

2017

PARKS

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This paper reviews how well Biosphere Reserves are prepared to respond to the challenges of the new era of the Anthropocene, including the expected breaching of some planetary boundaries. In this context, the endeavour of sustainable development requires critical re-examination and Biosphere Reserves should move further towards embracing more integrated and effective forms of sustainable livelihoods for their inhabitants. This means placing people even more at the heart of Biosphere Reserve policy and management, and enabling people to become pioneers and ambassadors for realizing effective sustainability in all Biosphere Reserves. This also means that Biosphere Reserves and related institutions have to work towards true integration of their ecological, social and economic potentials, and set up a framework of genuine sustainability governance. This paper widens the concept of Biosphere Reserves to provide creative transformation towards more liveable, sustainable landscapes as a global network. If this is achieved, it will be easier for Biosphere Reserves to pursue and nurture the implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) as their renewed central purpose.

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“…Initial results from a pilot project in Cat Ba using Biosphere Reserves as "learning laboratories" for sustainable development (Ishwaran et al, 2008;Tri et al, 2013) were encouraging enough to apply in other BRs in Vietnam with the expectation of achieving three mandate BR objectives (conservation, socio-economic development and scientific research), and climate change mitigation and adaptation as well (National MAB of Vietnam, 2016). There is an impressive growth in the Network of BRs in Vietnam to nine BR ( Although BR concept and approach is a promising approach to support conservation and socioeconomic development, particularly at the provincial level (Ishwaran et al, 2008;Tri, 2009), evaluation of the management effectiveness for these sites is in an early stage as few of these BRs have their management plans for full operation and delivery of their mandate Cuong et al, 2017a). …”

Section: Rationalementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The scoring system applied to the Vietnam BR system (Cuong et al, 2017a) was used to compare the compliance between international criteria outlined in the Statutory Framework for BR network (UNESCO, 1996b) and their application in the management of the KGBR (detail in Appendix 4.5).…”

Section: Compliance Between Seville Criteria and Management In Kgbrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors influencing the management effectiveness of the biosphere reserve model: The case of Vietnam

Chu¹

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Vietnam allows the province and city authority some flexibility in interpreting the central policies and regulations that could benefit BR operation and management locally, the way this is interpreted varies with the commitment and engagement of the provincial leaders. Lack of true understanding ii of the BR approach coupled with unclear guidance on BR planning and management led to most of the management effort being paid to the conservation of the core PAs.Specific study of the Kien Giang Biosphere Reserve (KGBR) showed a similar operational "disconnect" between concept and practice as in most other BRs in Vietnam. Whilst major attention has been paid to compliance with the UNESCO Man the Biosphere rules, little effort and investment has been made in the practical implementation of the concepts they embody. Lack of public awareness and understanding, state-control based on a strong sectoral approach to BR planning and management hindered broader stakeholder participation. Weak engagement from provincial leader in BR governance limited cross-sectoral collaboration process for effective delivery BR mandate functions that differentiates BRs from the conventional conservation PA approach. The study found that external projects only have a temporary impact on operation of the KGBR because they often start with small, time-bound demonstration models which negatively condition the community attitude to the projects and by association the BR.Using Enhancing our Heritage Toolkit (EoH) developed by IUCN and UNESCO for evaluation of management effectiveness, the study found that while the KGBR has been operating for a decade, the management planning process has not been completed. While a management system was established in KGBR it has proved inadequate to the task in operation because of structural deficiencies in the BR Management Board, lack of trained staff with BR knowledge and no allocation of operational funding specifically for BR activities. There appears a difficulty to achieve desired outcomes. Due to the absence of an approved operational plan with a monitoring and evaluation system has meant that assessment of management effectiveness of the KGBR against the key performance indicators has not been possible.To improve performance and effectiveness of the BR model in Vietnam, BRs should have nationally legal recognition that provides legitimacy for setting up clear BR governance structure and cross sectoral collaboration, and increase funding opportunity from central government for BR delivery. Additionally, BR sustainability and effectiveness greatly depends on the implementation of appropriate, locally-based management solutions that need a strong stakeholder's awareness, and engagement for a stable and strong governance leadership based on a strategic participation and public-private stakeholder partnerships in planning, operating resource allocation and implementation.iii DECLARATION BY AUTHORThis thesis is composed of my original work, and contains no material previously published or written by another p...

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Factors influencing successful implementation of Biosphere Reserves in Vietnam: Challenges, opportunities and lessons learnt

Cited by 33 publications

References 15 publications

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The Challenges of the Anthropocene for Biosphere Reserves

Factors influencing the management effectiveness of the biosphere reserve model: The case of Vietnam

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