Factors influencing the efficacy of insect-proof screens

Oliva, Rocío M.; Martínez, Antonio Jesús Álvarez

doi:10.17660/actahortic.2017.1170.132

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…For this reason, and due to the small size of the insect sample we had, it was decided not to carry out the tests with these screens at air velocities of 1.5 and 3.0 m s −1 . In any case, and according to our experience, the effect of the wind will cause the efficacy of these textiles, which are partially effective at 0 m s −1 , to be reduced as the air velocity increases [38].…”

Section: Efficacy Of Protection Screensmentioning

confidence: 67%

Textile Physical Barriers against the Chestnut Gall Wasp Dryocosmus kuriphilus

Álvarez

Oliva

2022

Agronomy

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Dryocosmus kuriphilus Yasumatsu is a species originating from China that, during the 20th century, has spread rapidly throughout many countries, affecting mainly different species of the genus Castanea spp. In fact, it is considered to be the most important pest of chestnut trees (Castanea sativa Miller), causing significant production losses. The adoption of complementary measures to chemical and biological controls would contribute to the control of the pest. In this sense, the use of textile physical barriers could prevent the rapid spread of this species among the production centers. Therefore, the objective of this study is to define the characteristics of a textile that protects young plants that have been produced in nurseries. For this purpose, some commercial textiles have been selected based on the morphometric characterization of the species and these textiles have been accurately measured in order to compare their dimensions with those of the insects. Finally, tests have been carried out in order to measure the efficacy of the textiles under laboratory conditions, controlling the air velocity and the temperature. The results reveal that, in general, theoretical efficacy may not be a good predictor of practical results. A fully effective screen has been found against this species and its design characteristics can be used as a starting point for new, more optimized designs.

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Section: Efficacy Of Protection Screensmentioning

confidence: 67%

Textile Physical Barriers against the Chestnut Gall Wasp Dryocosmus kuriphilus

Álvarez

Oliva

2022

Agronomy

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“…On the other hand, it is also necessary to consider the presence of wings in this species and to take into account that these organs make it difficult for insects to pass through the holes. Other variables known to influence the textile-insect relationship are temperature and air velocity [27]. In summary, it is very difficult to predict a reference value for the hole width to ensure the exclusion of B. tabaci or any other species, given all the factors involved [14], but it is clear that average values are not a good option.…”

Section: Hole Dimensions Vs Insect Sizementioning

confidence: 99%

Textile Physical Barriers: An Assessment of the Prison Effect as a Design Criterion to Increase the Porosity without Loss of Efficacy

Álvarez

Oliva

2023

Applied Sciences

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Insect-proof screens are a physical method of crop protection against pests whose use is widespread. The hole size must be optimized since too small holes give rise to poorly porous textiles that cause a significant reduction in the permeability of the textiles to air. A common design strategy is to use a rectangular-hole geometry with the aim of limiting the hole width to prevent insect entry and increasing the hole length to increase the hole surface. However, the validity of this approach has not been tested, and indications suggest that it may not be offering the expected results. The results obtained discredit this widely accepted design criterion since they show that, while the hole width is maintained, protective screens lose efficacy as the hole length increases at least in the range of values considered. It is not possible to find an explanation for these results by considering the hole geometry from a two-dimensional point of view. However, when considering the spatial arrangement of the threads, it is understood that the passage surface for the insects is larger than that considered in the orthogonal projection images and that as the hole length increases, the efficacy of the textiles decreases.

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“…Manufacturers do not have specific tools to evaluate insect nets' efficiency. Therefore, several laboratory experiments were carried out to assess the exclusion efficiency of different types of nets in calm conditions and at different air velocities and temperatures [35][36][37]. In recent years, the agro-textile industry has tested and marketed innovative nets with improved airflow, due to thinner threads, without affecting exclusion performance.…”

Section: Technical Aspects Of Anti-insect Netsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochemical, Physiological, and Productive Response of Greenhouse Vegetables to Suboptimal Growth Environment Induced by Insect Nets

Formisano

El‐Nakhel

Corrado

et al. 2020

Biology

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Environmental pressure poses a major challenge to the agricultural sector, which requires the development of cultivation techniques that can effectively reduce the impact of abiotic stress affecting crop yield and quality (e.g., thermal stress, wind, and hail) and of biotic factors, such as insect pests. The increased consumer interest in premium-quality vegetables requires the implementation of sustainable integrated pest management (IPM) strategies towards an ever-increasing insect pressure, also boosted by cultivation under protected structures. In this respect, insect nets represent an excellent, eco-friendly solution. This review aims to provide an integrative investigation of the effects of the insect screens in agriculture. Attention is dedicated to the impact on growth, yield, and quality of vegetables, focusing on the physiological and biochemical mechanisms of response to heat stress induced by insect screens. The performance of insect nets depends on many factors—foremost, on the screen mesh, with finer mesh being more effective as a barrier. However, finer mesh nets impose high-pressure drops and restrict airflow by reducing ventilation, which can result in a detrimental effect on crop growth and yield due to high temperatures. The predicted outcomes are wide ranging, because heat stress can impact (i) plant morpho-physiological attributes; (ii) biochemical and molecular properties through changes in the primary and secondary metabolisms; (iii) enzymatic activity, chloroplast proteins, and photosynthetic and respiratory processes; (iv) flowering and fruit settings; (v) the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROSs); and (vi) the biosynthesis of secondary biomolecules endowed with antioxidant capacity.

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Factors influencing the efficacy of insect-proof screens

Cited by 5 publications

References 5 publications

Textile Physical Barriers against the Chestnut Gall Wasp Dryocosmus kuriphilus

Textile Physical Barriers against the Chestnut Gall Wasp Dryocosmus kuriphilus

Textile Physical Barriers: An Assessment of the Prison Effect as a Design Criterion to Increase the Porosity without Loss of Efficacy

Biochemical, Physiological, and Productive Response of Greenhouse Vegetables to Suboptimal Growth Environment Induced by Insect Nets

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