Factors influencing the magnitude and reproducibility of corticomotor excitability changes induced by paired associative stimulation

Sale, Martin V.; Ridding, Michael C.; Nordstrom, Michael A.

doi:10.1007/s00221-007-0960-x

Cited by 244 publications

(206 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Unfortunately, the changes induced with these paradigms are highly variable, both between participants (Hamada et al, 2013), but also within the same participant across different testing sessions (Fratello et al, 2006;Sale et al, 2007). Controlling or minimizing some of the factors that contribute to this variability have been shown to improve the effectiveness and reliability of the induced effects (Sale et al, 2008;Kamke et al, 2014).…”

Section: Transcranial Magnetic Stimulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Imaging human brain networks to improve the clinical efficacy of non-invasive brain stimulation

Sale¹,

Mattingley²,

Zalesky³

et al. 2015

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews

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127

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Section: Transcranial Magnetic Stimulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Imaging human brain networks to improve the clinical efficacy of non-invasive brain stimulation

Sale¹,

Mattingley²,

Zalesky³

et al. 2015

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews

Self Cite

127

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“…The two experimental sessions were conducted on the same day (morning and afternoon). The schedule was kept constant across participants (11:30 am and 3:30 pm) to control for potential circadian effects (Sale et al, 2007). Fig.…”

Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Excitability modulation of the motor system induced by transcranial direct current stimulation: A multimodal approach

2013

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Anodal and cathodal transcranial direct current stimulations (tDCS) are both established techniques to induce cortical excitability changes. Typically, in the human motor system, such cortical modulations are inferred through changes in the amplitude of the motor evoked potentials (MEPs). However, it is now possible to directly evaluate tDCS-induced changes at the cortical level by recording the transcranial magnetic stimulation evoked potentials (TEPs) using electroencephalography (EEG). The present study investigated the modulation induced by the tDCS on the motor system. The study evaluates changes in the MEPs, in the amplitude and distribution of the TEPs, in resting state oscillatory brain activity and in behavioral performance in a simple manual response task. Both the short-and long-term tDCS effects were investigated by evaluating their time course at~0 and 30 min after tDCS. Anodal tDCS over the left primary motor cortex (M1) induced an enhancement of corticospinal excitability, whereas cathodal stimulation produced a reduction. These changes in excitability were indexed by changes in MEP amplitude. More interestingly, tDCS modulated the cortical reactivity, which is the neuronal activity evoked by TMS, in a polarity-dependent and site-specific manner. Cortical reactivity increased after anodal stimulation over the left M1, whereas it decreased with cathodal stimulation. These effects were partially present also at long term evaluation. No polarity-specific effect was found either on behavioral measures or on oscillatory brain activity. The latter showed a general increase in the power density of low frequency oscillations (theta and alpha) at both stimulation polarities. Our results suggest that tDCS is able to modulate motor cortical reactivity in a polarity-specific manner, inducing a complex pattern of direct and indirect cortical activations or inhibitions of the motor system-related network, which might be related to changes in synaptic efficacy of the motor cortex.

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“…Unfortunately, the induction of plastic changes with non-invasive brain stimulation is currently variable and unreliable (Hamada, Murase, Hasan, Balaratnam, & Rothwell, 2013;Ridding & Ziemann, 2010;Sale, Ridding, & Nordstrom, 2007b). There are several factors that have already been identified that seem to contribute to the variability of induced effects (for review see Ridding & Ziemann, 2010), including genetics (Witte et al, 2012), age (Todd, Kimber, Ridding, & Semmler, 2010), history of previous cortical activity (Sale & Mattingley, 2013), time of day of stimulation (Sale et al, 2007b(Sale et al, , 2008, and cognitive factors such as attention (Kamke, Hall, et al, 2012;Kamke et al, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are several factors that have already been identified that seem to contribute to the variability of induced effects (for review see Ridding & Ziemann, 2010), including genetics (Witte et al, 2012), age (Todd, Kimber, Ridding, & Semmler, 2010), history of previous cortical activity (Sale & Mattingley, 2013), time of day of stimulation (Sale et al, 2007b(Sale et al, , 2008, and cognitive factors such as attention (Kamke, Hall, et al, 2012;Kamke et al, 2014). Here we investigated whether stimulus uncertainty, a factor known to boost learning (Hogarth et al, 2008;Kording & Wolpert, 2004;Orban & Wolpert, 2011;Pearce & Hall, 1980;Vanni-Mercier et al, 2009), can increase the effectiveness of plasticity induced in the human motor cortex.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pulses were delivered at 0.2 Hz, so that the paired stimuli were delivered at an average frequency of 0.1 Hz, which has been shown previously to induce reliable effects on cortical excitability (Kamke, Hall, et al, 2012;Kamke et al, 2014;Player et al, 2012;Sale & Mattingley, 2013). Each experimental session was conducted at approximately the same time of day to minimize the known influence of circadian factors on PAS-induced plasticity (Sale, Ridding, & Nordstrom, 2007a.…”

Section: Paired Associative Stimulation (Pas)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Stimulus uncertainty enhances long-term potentiation-like plasticity in human motor cortex

Sale

Nydam

Mattingley

2017

Cortex

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Plasticity can be induced in human cortex using paired associative stimulation (PAS), which repeatedly and predictably pairs a peripheral electrical stimulus with transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to the contralateral motor region. Many studies have reported small or inconsistent effects of PAS. Given that uncertain stimuli can promote learning, the predictable nature of the stimulation in conventional PAS paradigms might serve to attenuate plasticity induction. Here, we introduced stimulus uncertainty into the PAS paradigm to investigate if it can boost plasticity induction. Across two experimental sessions, participants (n = 28) received a modified PAS paradigm consisting of a random combination of 90 paired stimuli and 90 unpaired (TMS-only) stimuli. Prior to each of these stimuli, participants also received an auditory cue which either reliably predicted whether the upcoming stimulus was paired or unpaired (no uncertainty condition) or did not predict the upcoming stimulus (maximum uncertainty condition). Motor evoked potentials (MEPs) evoked from abductor pollicis brevis muscle quantified cortical excitability before and after PAS. MEP amplitude increased significantly 15 minutes following PAS in the maximum uncertainty condition. There was no reliable change in MEP amplitude in the no uncertainty condition, nor between post-PAS MEP amplitudes across the two conditions. These results suggest that stimulus uncertainty boost may provide a novel means to enhance plasticity induction with the PAS paradigm in human motor cortex. To provide further support to the notion that stimulus uncertainty and prediction error promote plasticity, future studies should further explore the time course of these changes, and investigate what aspects of stimulus uncertainty are critical in boosting plasticity. Highlights• Plasticity can be induced in human cortex by repeated pairing of stimuli.• This form of induced plasticity mimics behavioral associative learning. M A N U S C R I P T A C C E P T E D ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT 2• We manipulated stimulus uncertainty, which influences learning and plasticity.• When stimulus uncertainty was high, plasticity was enhanced in human motor cortex.

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Factors influencing the magnitude and reproducibility of corticomotor excitability changes induced by paired associative stimulation

Cited by 244 publications

References 42 publications

Imaging human brain networks to improve the clinical efficacy of non-invasive brain stimulation

Imaging human brain networks to improve the clinical efficacy of non-invasive brain stimulation

Excitability modulation of the motor system induced by transcranial direct current stimulation: A multimodal approach

Stimulus uncertainty enhances long-term potentiation-like plasticity in human motor cortex

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