Factors influencing the outcome of vedolizumab treatment: Real‐life data with objective outcome measurements

Abstract

Background Vedolizumab (VDZ), a humanized monoclonal antibody against α4β7-integrin, has shown efficacy in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). It is of importance to assess the mid- to long-term efficacy of VDZ using real-life data. Objective Our study aimed to determine the efficacy of VDZ in patients with IBD with and without prior exposure to anti-tumour necrosis factor (TNF) treatments in a real-life setting. Furthermore, we investigated confounding factors influencing the remission to VDZ. Methods Patients participating in the Swiss IBD Cohort Study were included in this study. Remission was defined as calprotectin <200 mg/kg stool and/or mucosal healing determined by endoscopy. End points were determined between months 4 and 8 (T1) and between months 12 and 16 (T2) after VDZ induction. Results Remission was reported in 50.5% (110/218) of patients in T1 (48.7% Crohn’s disease (CD) and 52.5% ulcerative colitis (UC)) and 46.8% (102/218) in T2 (47% CD and 46.5% UC). In UC patients, a significantly higher remission rate was achieved in T2 among anti-TNF-naive patients (57.7%) compared to anti-TNF-experienced patients (34.7%; p = 0.02; odds ratio=0.39, 95% confidence interval 0.17–0.87). In patients with CD, no difference could be seen in either evaluation intervals. Multivariable analysis showed that disease duration significantly influenced remission rates among UC patients. A late response to VDZ therapy with an achievement of remission in T2 was seen in a fifth of all patients (CD 21.7%, UC 20.8%). VDZ treatment was stopped in a third of all patients (31.8%) due to non-response, adverse events or aggravation of extra-intestinal manifestations. Conclusion In a real-life national cohort setting, VDZ induced remission in more than half of IBD patients. Previous treatment with anti-TNF agents was associated with a significant lower efficacy of VDZ in UC but not in CD patients.

Model-Based Meta-Analysis on the Efficacy of Biologics and Small Targeted Molecules for Crohn’s Disease

“…This may lead to lower efficacy for these drugs in our analysis. However, previous studies indicated that prior exposure to both anti-TNF and other treatments did not impact the result of comparison between biologics significantly ( 2 , 10 , 69 , 82 ). Moreover, the combined efficacy of anti-TNF-naive and anti-TNF-exposed patients was reported in several trials, so it is difficult to estimate the impact of anti-TNF experience separately.…”

Efficacy and Safety of Vedolizumab for Pediatrics With Inflammatory Bowel Disease: a Systematic Review

“…And study by Kotze et al demonstrated that previous failure to anti-TNF agents was not associated with the e cacy of vedolizumab [31]. More interestingly, study by Mader showed previous treatment with anti-TNF agents was associated with a signi cantly lower e cacy of VDZ in UC but not in CD patients [42]. This might be attributed to longer disease duration for anti-TNF-experienced UC patients.…”

Efficacy and safety of vedolizumab for pediatrics with inflammatory bowel disease: a systematic review

“…And a study by Kotze et al demonstrated that previous failure to anti‐TNF agents was not associated with the efficacy of vedolizumab [ 34 ]. More interestingly, a study by Mader showed previous treatment with anti-TNF agents was associated with a significantly lower efficacy of VDZ in UC but not in CD patients [ 45 ]. This might be attributed to longer disease duration for anti-TNF-experienced UC patients.…”