Two strains of Streptomyces alboniger NRRL B‐1832 and 2403 were used for the biosynthesis and production of puromycin using different media. Streptomyces alboniger NRRL B‐2403 produced more puromycin than NRRL B‐1832 on medium composed of (amounts in g/1), soybean meal 10.0; corn steep 20.0; dextrin 10.0; NaCl 5.0; CaCO3 2.0, and K2HPO4 2.0. When the carbon and nitrogen sources of the basal medium were replaced by different carbon and nitrogen sources it was found that dextrin, sucrose, starch and maltose favoured the production of higher titres of puromycin, while generally organic nitrogen sources such as soybean meal and fodder yeast (40.0 and 50.0% total nitrogen) stimulated puromycin yield.
On the evidence of their chemical compositions and because they are cheap and produced locally Egyptian black, strap molasses and fodder yeast are preferably used in medium for the production of puromycin. The other conditions favouring and controlling the production and biosynthesis of puromycin by fermentation were investigated.