Factors influencing the reproducibility of isokinetic knee flexion and extension test findings

Alt, Tobias; Knicker, Axel; Strüder, Heiko K.

doi:10.3233/ies-140555

Cited by 19 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…3b). This physiological discrepancy of APM is wellknown [3,4,36] and queries the calculation and meaningful interpretation of 'functional' H:Q ratios. To avoid the comparison of moments that are generated at different joint angles [14,36], Coombs & Garbutt [13] introduced the DCRe as a diagnostic parameter for more functional analyses of reciprocal thigh muscle performance (▶ Fig.…”

Section: Physiological Rationale For the Dynamic Control Equilibrium mentioning

confidence: 59%

“…To obtain reliable data, each participant performed 2 familiarisation sessions followed by a testing session which were all separated by 48-72 h [4]. All 3 sessions were performed in a performance laboratory and consisted of the same procedure.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For each condition, both concentric and eccentric movements were conducted at 2 different angular velocities (30 and 150°/s). The reliability of this protocol and the derived parameters has been previously assessed as high [3,4]. To attain the largest possible isokinetic range of motion, a very quick acceleration and a hard deceleration were chosen.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hand grips beside the hip provided sufficient stability [5,22]. In order to examine the largest range of the respective condition, the degree of movement differed between knee flexion and extension [3,4] (▶Fig. 1).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The major disadvantage of the DCR is that it compares moments that never act in conjunction with each other. It is well known that peak moments of eccentric flexion and concentric extension emerge at considerably different knee flexion angles of 12 and 59 ° [3,4,36]. Thus, the 'functional' H:Q ratio (DCR) reflects a situation that never occurs during everyday movements.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Effects of Angular Velocity and Training Status on the Dynamic Control Equilibrium

Alt

Knicker

Strueder

2017

Sports Med Int Open

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Thigh muscle imbalances may impair sports performance and cause injuries. Common diagnostic parameters of knee muscle balance lack practical applicability. This cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate the effects of angular velocity and training status on the dynamic control ratio at the equilibrium point representing the intersection of eccentric knee flexion and concentric knee extension moment-angle curves. 58 trained and 58 untrained male participants (22.1 years, 82.4 kg) performed concentric and eccentric knee flexions (prone position) and extensions (supine position) on an isokinetic dynamometer operating at 30 and 150°/s. Trained participants had significantly higher DCRe moments at all angular velocities compared with their untrained counterparts (trained30,150: 1.86, 1.90 Nm/kg; untrained30,150: 1.56, 1.60 Nm/kg; p<0.001, partial η²=0.345). Dynamic control equilibrium moments rose with increasing velocity (p=0.001, partial η²=0.095), whereas dynamic control equilibrium angles (trained30,150: 28.9, 30.8°; untrained30,150: 26.1, 27.0°) were influenced by training status (p=0.004, partial η²=0.072), but not by angular velocity (p=0.241, partial η²=0.012). Dynamic control equilibrium parameters detect thigh muscle balance and reflect the trained participants’ capacity to resist high eccentric knee flexor moments, especially during fast movements. Direct links to muscular loading during sprinting are conceivable, but warrant further investigation. The assessment of dynamic control equilibrium moments and angles might help physiotherapists and coaches to improve functional muscle screening, injury prevention and purposeful return to sport.

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