“…Moreover, many studies documented the phenomenon of pervasive delays across various types of projects [17,18,19] and in different countries [20,21,22]. Furthermore, a host of delay analysis methods were developed [23,24,25,26], all of which had limitations and exhibited larger or smaller biases toward owner or contractor [27]. This impacts whether they are considered excusable, compensable, both, or not [28,29].…”