Factors involved in the long-term prognosis of psychogenic nonepileptic seizures

Bodde, Nynke M.G.; Janssen, August M.A.J.; Theuns, Cees; Vanhoutvin, Joseph F.G.; Boon, Paul; Aldenkamp, Albert P.

doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2006.11.015

Cited by 48 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Carton et al [12] found that although only 28% of patients followed up at 1–7 years were seizure free, 48% had at least a 50% reduction in the frequency of seizures following diagnosis. Bodde et al [13] found a similar pattern, with only 32% of patients having complete seizure remission, but also reported a significant fall in the number of patients experiencing daily seizures from 9 (out of 22) to 2. The majority of studies found that patients had an overall fall in the number of seizures while only a minority managed to fully eradicate their attacks.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 78%

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Prognosis and Outcome Predictors in Psychogenic Nonepileptic Seizures

Durrant

Rickards

Cavanna

2011

Epilepsy Research and Treatment

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It is estimated that one in five patients referred to specialist epilepsy clinics for refractory seizures have psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNES). Despite the high prevalence, little is known about the prognosis of patients with PNES. In this paper we set out to systematically assess published original studies on the prognosis and outcome predictors of patients with PNES. Our literature search across the databases Medline, PsycINFO, and EMBASE generated 18 original studies meeting the search criteria. Prognosis was found to be poor in adults, but good in children. Predictors of poor outcome included the presence of coexisting epilepsy or psychiatric comorbidities, violent seizure phenomenology, dependent lifestyle, and poor relationships. Overall, too much reliance is placed on seizure remission as an outcome measurement for patients with PNES, and the impact of many of the outcome predictors requires evaluation using larger studies with longer followup.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…Bodde et al [13] stated that patients with high psychopathology/negativism scores on the MMPI [21] are less likely to achieve seizure control. In this study, psychopathology included delusional feelings, paranoia and bizarre experiences, whereas negativism consisted of avoidant, aggressive behaviour.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prognosis and Outcome Predictors in Psychogenic Nonepileptic Seizures

Durrant

Rickards

Cavanna

2011

Epilepsy Research and Treatment

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“…Another study found no differences in psychopathology at baseline but better scores in PNES‐free patients after psychiatric treatment . In contrast, several other studies suggested that lower psychiatric abnormalities at admission were associated with a favorable PNES outcome …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Only 26% of these patients were defined as “case,” and these patients had severe depressive symptoms or an ongoing neurologic disease. Other studies also reported positive correlations between better mental health and good PNES outcome such as lower depression and anxiety, lower dissociative symptoms, lower overall psychological distress, lower somatization, or better general health . However, they provided no information whether psychiatric symptoms remained abnormal on lower levels or normalized on long‐term follow‐up.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychological long‐term outcome in patients with psychogenic nonepileptic seizures

et al. 2019

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Summary Objective To examine the long‐term outcome of psychological status, personality, and health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) in patients with psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNES) and to define predictors of favorable outcome of cessation of PNES. Method Patients diagnosed with PNES during video–electroencephalography (EEG) monitoring at the Erlangen Epilepsy Center were contacted 1‐16 years after communicating the diagnosis. Follow‐up information from each participant was obtained by interview (PNES outcome) and by self‐reported questionnaires of psychological symptoms (Beck Depression Inventory‐II, Symptom Checklist‐90‐Standard, Dissociative Symptoms questionnaire), personality traits (Freiburg Personality Inventory‐Revised), and HRQoL (36‐Item Short Form Health Survey). Results Fifty‐two patients participated in the study (mean age ± standard deviation [SD] 40.5 ± 14.0 years; 75% female, follow‐up: 5.3 ± 4.2 years). Nineteen patients (37%) were free of PNES for the past 12 months. Patients with persisting PNES were older at disease onset (32.9 vs 22.3 years, P < 0.01) and diagnosis (40.5 vs 27.2 years, P < 0.001), and showed worse psychological functioning, lower extraversion and life satisfaction, and higher inhibitedness and worse HRQoL than PNES‐free patients. Patients with cessation of PNES were within the normal range in all dimensions. Cessation of PNES was best predicted by younger age at PNES onset and higher extraversion. Significance Outcome of PNES is poor, psychopathology is high, and HRQoL is low in patients with persistent PNES but may normalize with PNES cessation. High introversion and older age at PNES onset are risk factors for persistent PNES.

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“…Research indicates that psycho-education and a clear understanding of the disorder is necessary for people with PNES to accept the diagnosis and to treat these people successfully (Bodde et al 2007; Duncan, Razvi & Mulhern 2011; Zaroff et al 2004). A third of the PNES participants indicated that they would like more information about PNES.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

People with Psychogenic non-epileptic seizures: A South African perspective

Pretorius

Cronje

2015

Afr. j. disabil.

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BackgroundPsychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNES) is a disabling disorder which has a negative effect on the quality of life of individuals with PNES. A clear understanding of the disorder is necessary, however, to date, research about PNES in South Africa is limited.ObjectivesThe aims of this study were to explore the demographic variables of individuals with PNES in South Africa, to review the available body of research on PNES, and to compare it with our results.MethodTwenty-two people with PNES, with confirmed video EEG, were recruited by means of convenience sampling from two hospitals. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the demographic variables of the participants.ResultsInternationally comparable results revealed misdiagnoses and low treatment delivery amongst a primarily female population.ConclusionThis study provided greater insight into individuals with PNES in South Africa, highlighting the need for more information, support, effective treatment and accurate diagnosis of PNES.

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Factors involved in the long-term prognosis of psychogenic nonepileptic seizures

Cited by 48 publications

References 35 publications

Prognosis and Outcome Predictors in Psychogenic Nonepileptic Seizures

Prognosis and Outcome Predictors in Psychogenic Nonepileptic Seizures

Psychological long‐term outcome in patients with psychogenic nonepileptic seizures

People with Psychogenic non-epileptic seizures: A South African perspective

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