Factors related to recovery knowledge and attitudes among professionals in mental health in Japan

Abstract

Aim To explore what factors may influence recovery knowledge and attitudes among professionals in mental health. Methods We utilized an existing dataset from a study that surveyed 331 subjects among 475 eligible professionals. We used data from 289 participants without missing values for the analyses (valid response rate = 60.8%). The questionnaire included three psychometrically tested scales: (a) Recovery Knowledge Inventory (RKI); (b) Recovery Attitudes Questionnaire (RAQ); and (c) Internal Work Motivation, as well as other variables. Mean‐based comparisons of the RKI and RAQ scores between several subgroups were examined. We also examined the correlation between RKI and RAQ scores and the continuous variables. Multiple linear regression was implemented to examine the simultaneous effects of the factors on RKI and RAQ scores. The mean age of participants was 39.9 years and 69.2% were female and 44.0% were nursing professionals. Results Multiple linear regression analyses showed that the internal work motivation and the experience of discharging patients after a lengthy hospitalization were significantly and positively associated with recovery attitude. Working at community facilities and being young were significantly and weakly correlated with recovery knowledge. The experience of participation in self‐help groups exhibited positive relationships with RKI and RAQ scores, while education exhibited positive but weak relationships with RKI and RAQ scores. No significant relationship was observed in the regression analyses. Conclusions Internal work motivation, the experience of discharging patients after a lengthy hospitalization, working at community facilities, and being young may positively contribute to better recovery knowledge and attitudes. Future research using a longitudinal design will explore other factors.

Testing the relationship between patient‐related stressor, psychological distress, work engagement, job satisfaction and recovery attitude among psychiatric nurses in Japan

“…Although we assumed that the negative experiences of psychiatric nurses, such as facing patient‐related stressor, reduced recovery attitude, based on a previous study showing that staff's negative preconceptions about people with mental illness were negatively associated with recovery attitude (Stull et al, 2017), our results did not support this assumption. Considering that the staff's recovery attitude was positively associated with positive experiences such as discharging patients after lengthy hospitalization (Chiba, 2019) and hearing recovery narratives of former inpatient clients (Kidd et al, 2014), recovery attitude may be more strongly associated with positive experiences than with negative experiences. Because recovery can be thought of as a concept that focuses on strengths (positive aspect) rather than weakness (negative aspect) of people with mental illness (van Weeghel et al, 2019), staff members may consider it more important to determine a patient's recovery potential from positive experiences with patients than to rule out the patient's recovery potential through negative experiences with the patients.…”

“…Items were rated on a 5‐point Likert‐type scale ranging from 1 ( strongly disagree ) to 5 ( strongly agree ). Higher total scores indicate that respondents have a more positive attitude towards the concept of recovery (response range: 7–35) (Chiba, 2019).…”

“…Higher total scores indicate that respondents have a more positive attitude towards the concept of recovery (response range: 7-35) (Chiba, 2019).…”

“…Although we assumed that the negative experiences of psychiatric nurses, such as facing patient-related stressor, reduced recovery attitude, based on a previous study showing that staff's negative preconceptions about people with mental illness were negatively associated with recovery attitude (Stull et al, 2017), our results did not support this assumption. Considering that the staff's recovery attitude was positively associated with positive experiences such as discharging patients after lengthy hospitalization (Chiba, 2019) and hearing recovery narratives of former inpatient clients (Kidd et al, 2014), recovery attitude may be more strongly associated with positive experiences than with negative experiences. Because recovery can be thought…”

Reliability and validity of the Japanese version of the INSPIRE measure of staff support for personal recovery in community mental health service users in Japan

“…Therefore, for simple evaluations, we recommend the brief version, and we recommend INSPIRE for more comprehensive evaluations. In Japan, there are previous studies on personal recovery evaluation of service users and recovery knowledge and attitudes of professionals [53][54][55]. Meanwhile, however, the evaluation of the recovery orientation of the service by the service user has not yet been done.…”