“…Based on routine pathogenicity and biochemical tests, the bacterial spot pathogens of tomato and pepper have been reported from a considerable number of countries in Africa and the associated Islands. Alongside South Africa, these countries include Egypt, Ethiopia, Ghana, Kenya, Malawi, Morocco, Mozambique, Niger, Nigeria, Reunion, Senegal, Seychelles, Sudan, Togo, Tunisia, Zambia, and Zimbabwe ( OEPP/EPPO, 1988 ; Okoli and Erinle, 1989 ; Bouzar et al, 1994a , b ; Black et al, 2001 ; Abd-Alla and Bashandy, 2008 ; Tawfik et al, 2009 ; Hamza et al, 2010 , 2012 ; Opara and Odibo, 2009 ; Jibrin et al, 2014 , 2015 ; Kebede et al, 2014 ; Lamini et al, 2015 ; Algam et al, 2018 ; Ashmawy et al, 2020 ). The specific species of the pathogen responsible for the disease are yet to be determined for a considerable number of countries.…”