Factors That Influence African American Male Retention and Graduation

Farmer, Errick D.; Hope, Warren C.

doi:10.1177/1521025115571074

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…These ideals, combined with social norms criminalizing Black men and stigmatizing mental health within this community, (1) reinforce unrealistic expectations related to unhealthy masculine ideals, such as restrictive emotion [ 31 ]; and (2) make it particularly challenging and uncomfortable for Black men to engage with health-related efforts and programming [ 28 ]. Few depictions of men related to education may also be reflective of educational disparities that continue to exist for Black men as there are higher dropout rates and lower retention among this group [ 55 ]. Such disparities and representations may be harder to challenge in this medium; however, future research would be appropriate to investigate this further.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examining Hashtag Use of #blackboyjoy and #theblackmancan and Related Content on Instagram: Descriptive Content Analysis

Williams¹,

Dougherty²,

Lattie³

et al. 2022

JMIR Form Res

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Background Social media is widely accessible and increasingly utilized. Social media users develop hashtags and visual, text-based imagery to challenge misrepresentations, garner social support, and discuss a variety of mental health issues. Understanding how Black men are represented on social media and are using social media may be an avenue for promoting their engagement with and uptake of digital mental health interventions. Objective The aim of this study was to conduct a content analysis of posts containing visual and text-based components related to representations of Black men’s race, gender, and behaviors. Methods An exploratory, descriptive content analysis was conducted for 500 Instagram posts to examine characteristics, content, and public engagement of posts containing the hashtags #theblackmancan and #blackboyjoy. Posts were selected randomly and extracted from Instagram using a social network mining tool during Fall 2018 and Spring 2019. A codebook was developed, and all posts were analyzed by 2 independent coders. Analyses included frequency counts and descriptive analysis to determine content and characteristics of posts. Mann-Whitney U tests and Kruskal-Wallis H tests were conducted to assess engagement associated with posts via likes, comments, and video views. Results Of the 500 posts extracted, most were image based (368/500, 73.6%), 272/500 (54.4%) were posted by an individual and 135/500 (27.0%) by a community organization, 269/500 (53.8%) were posted by individuals from Black populations, and 177/500 (35.4%) posts contained images of only males. Posts depicted images of Black men as fathers (100/500, 20.0%), Black men being celebrated (101/500, 20.2%), and Black men expressing joy (217/500, 43.4%). Posts (127/500, 25.4%) also depicted Black men in relation to gender atypical behavior, such as caring for children or styling their children’s hair. Variables related to education and restrictive affection did not show up often in posts. Engagement via likes (median 1671, P<.001), comments (P<.001), and views (P<.001) for posts containing #theblackmancan was significantly higher compared with posts containing #blackboyjoy (median 140). Posts containing elements of celebrating Black men (P=.02) and gender atypical behavior (P<.001) also had significantly higher engagement. Conclusions This is one of the first studies to look at hashtag use of #blackboyjoy and #theblackmancan. Posts containing #blackboyjoy and #theblackmancan promoted positive user-generated visual and text-based content on Instagram and promoted positive interactions among Black and diverse communities. With the popularity of social media and hashtag use increasing, researchers and future interventional research should investigate the potential for such imagery to serve as culturally relevant design components for digital mental health prevention efforts geared towards Black men and the communities they exist and engage with.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examining Hashtag Use of #blackboyjoy and #theblackmancan and Related Content on Instagram: Descriptive Content Analysis

Williams¹,

Dougherty²,

Lattie³

et al. 2022

JMIR Form Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Researchers have found African American male college students (AAMCS) to experience higher levels of academic dropout (Farmer & Hope, 2015), greater levels of substance use (Duncan, 2003), and similar levels of psychological distress (Cadaret & Speight, 2018; Fripp & Carlson, 2017) as their White and female counterparts. Additionally, researchers have found some of these stressors to have negative influence on the psychological help-seeking attitudes of AAMCS (Alvidrez et al, 2008; Avent Harris & Wong, 2018).…”

Section: Conceptual Framework: Somebodinessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Help seeking and African American college-aged men: An integrated literature review through somebodiness.

Shannon

2024

Journal of Psychotherapy Integration

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African American male college students (AAMCS) underutilize counseling services in the face of rising mental health needs. This article is aimed at situating the help-seeking experiences of AAMCS from the theory of somebodiness, recognizing the agency and meaningfulness with which AAMCS author their own lives in the face of dehumanization. The methodology for this article was a narrative literature review, which consisted of reviewing empirical and conceptual peer-reviewed journal articles using a combination of the keywords African American, Black, male college students, help seeking, and counseling. This review was designed to consider the contextual factors that affect AAMCS decisions to seek counseling. Those factors were shared racial identity, access to mental health information, relational norms, spirituality, mental health stigma, and gender socialization. This article concludes with future research and implications for counseling practices to encourage mental health service use among AAMCS populations. Public Health Significance StatementResearch on help-seeking behaviors of Black men historically highlights deficits of these men, namely low academic motivation, hypercriminality, and low help-seeking behavior. This review is designed to understand help-seeking behaviors of African American men through the construct of somebodiness. Somebodiness is a phenomenon that acknowledges the personhood of African American men. Through somebodiness, clinicians can gain awareness on how to support Black men in counseling.

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“…En efecto, el 45 % de los abandonos en los primeros dos años de universidad se atribuyen al rendimiento académico, aunque dicho efecto se reduce al avanzar de los años (Stinebrickner, 2014). En el mismo sentido, estudiantes con mayores promedios de calificaciones en la escuela secundaria tienen más probabilidades de finalizar con éxito los estudios superiores, en comparación con quienes presentan promedios más bajos (Farmer & Hope, 2015), aunque dicho efecto es cuestionado por Santelices, Catalán, Horn y Venegas (2018), quienes sugieren que el efecto del ranking de egreso de la escuela secundaria, asociado al rendimiento comparado entre pares, es marginal para predecir la persistencia universitaria. Al rendimiento también se le adicionan factores como el sexo del estudiantado y el currículo académico de las carreras (Paura & Arhipova, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Modeling of university dropout using Markov chains

Campos¹,

Carvajal-Muquillaza²,

Aspeé³

2020

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Access to higher education is only a first step in achieving equity in education; the following step is improving student retention, or lowering dropout rates, which is the same thing. The present study focused on the definition of an index as an estimator of the risk of individuals dropping out of a university using a Markov chain model, based on the randomness of the occurrence of dropping out. The suggested index was applied to a sample of 5,700 university students from the 2012-2015 annual cohorts of 8 university departments of a public regional university in Chile. The results indicate that the highest average probability of dropping out (slightly more than 39%) occurs in the first 2 semesters of university studies, and then decreases through time. This indicates the need for institutional retention policies that pay particular attention to the first year of university studies. Having this index also allows a formal estimation of changes or temporary variations in the risk, as well as quantifying the impact of interventions, not only for the case under study but for the entire higher education system.

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Factors That Influence African American Male Retention and Graduation

Cited by 12 publications

References 5 publications

Examining Hashtag Use of #blackboyjoy and #theblackmancan and Related Content on Instagram: Descriptive Content Analysis

Examining Hashtag Use of #blackboyjoy and #theblackmancan and Related Content on Instagram: Descriptive Content Analysis

Help seeking and African American college-aged men: An integrated literature review through somebodiness.

Modeling of university dropout using Markov chains

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