Factors That Shape People’s Attitudes towards the COVID-19 Pandemic in Germany—The Influence of MEDIA, Politics and Personal Characteristics

Cardo, Aida El-Far; Kraus, Thomas; Kaifie, Andrea

doi:10.3390/ijerph18157772

Cited by 31 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…The risk of bias in 53% (24/45) of the included studies was classified as low, according to the JBI Critical Appraisal tool [ 25 - 42 , 47 - 52 ]. In total, 18% (8/45) of the studies showed a moderate risk of bias [ 43 - 46 , 53 - 56 ]. Finally, 27% (12/45) of the included studies showed a high risk of bias [ 57 - 68 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Of the 45 included studies, 18 (40%) studies reported misinformation across all 3 categories [ 27 - 29 , 35 - 37 , 45 , 48 , 49 , 51 , 55 , 57 , 58 , 60 - 62 , 67 , 68 ], 9 (20%) studies reported only on conspiracies [ 26 , 30 , 33 , 42 , 44 , 46 , 53 , 54 , 56 ], 6 (13%) studies were concerned specifically with medical misinformation [ 25 , 34 , 38 , 43 , 63 , 64 ], and 12 (27%) studies reported on COVID-19 vaccine misinformation or antivaccine discourse without going into further detail [ 31 , 35 , 39 - 41 , 47 , 52 , 59 , 65 , 66 , 69 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The risk of bias in 53% (24/45) of the included studies was classified as low, according to the JBI Critical Appraisal tool [25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][47][48][49][50][51][52]. In total, 18% (8/45) of the studies showed a moderate risk of bias [43][44][45][46][53][54][55][56]. Finally, 27% (12/45) of the included studies showed a high risk of bias [57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68].…”

Section: Study Selection and Risk Of Biasmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Misinformation About COVID-19 Vaccines on Social Media: Rapid Review

Skafle¹,

Nordahl‐Hansen²,

Quintana³

et al. 2022

J Med Internet Res

160

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Background The development of COVID-19 vaccines has been crucial in fighting the pandemic. However, misinformation about the COVID-19 pandemic and vaccines is spread on social media platforms at a rate that has made the World Health Organization coin the phrase infodemic. False claims about adverse vaccine side effects, such as vaccines being the cause of autism, were already considered a threat to global health before the outbreak of COVID-19. Objective We aimed to synthesize the existing research on misinformation about COVID-19 vaccines spread on social media platforms and its effects. The secondary aim was to gain insight and gather knowledge about whether misinformation about autism and COVID-19 vaccines is being spread on social media platforms. Methods We performed a literature search on September 9, 2021, and searched PubMed, PsycINFO, ERIC, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and the Cochrane COVID-19 Study Register. We included publications in peer-reviewed journals that fulfilled the following criteria: original empirical studies, studies that assessed social media and misinformation, and studies about COVID-19 vaccines. Thematic analysis was used to identify the patterns (themes) of misinformation. Narrative qualitative synthesis was undertaken with the guidance of the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) 2020 Statement and the Synthesis Without Meta-analysis reporting guideline. The risk of bias was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal tool. Ratings of the certainty of evidence were based on recommendations from the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation Working Group. Results The search yielded 757 records, with 45 articles selected for this review. We identified 3 main themes of misinformation: medical misinformation, vaccine development, and conspiracies. Twitter was the most studied social media platform, followed by Facebook, YouTube, and Instagram. A vast majority of studies were from industrialized Western countries. We identified 19 studies in which the effect of social media misinformation on vaccine hesitancy was measured or discussed. These studies implied that the misinformation spread on social media had a negative effect on vaccine hesitancy and uptake. Only 1 study contained misinformation about autism as a side effect of COVID-19 vaccines. Conclusions To prevent these misconceptions from taking hold, health authorities should openly address and discuss these false claims with both cultural and religious awareness in mind. Our review showed that there is a need to examine the effect of social media misinformation on vaccine hesitancy with a more robust experimental design. Furthermore, this review also demonstrated that more studies are needed from the Global South and on social media platforms other than the major platforms such as Twitter and Facebook. Trial Registration PROSPERO International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews CRD42021277524; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42021277524 International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) RR2-10.31219/osf.io/tyevj

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Study Selection and Risk Of Biasmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Misinformation About COVID-19 Vaccines on Social Media: Rapid Review

Skafle¹,

Nordahl‐Hansen²,

Quintana³

et al. 2022

J Med Internet Res

160

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Rzymski et al [29] believe that the easy availability and wide distribution of the Internet, forums and social media provide a fertile ground for the uncontrolled spread of false news and misinformation. Cardo, Kraus and Kaifie point to a wide range of misinformation that poses a global problem-from "denial, downplaying, or conspiracy theories to false and unsubstantiated claims regarding the origin of the virus and the inefficacy of cures and protective measures" [41] (p. 2). Some authors [42] even characterized the then President of the United States, Donald Trump, as the biggest initiator of false news about the coronavirus because he promoted dangerous and ineffective methods in the process of treatment and protection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Students’ Views on Vaccination against COVID-19 Virus and Trust in Media Information about the Vaccine: The Case of Serbia

2021

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Mass immunization of the citizens of the Republic of Serbia began in January 2021. Information on the significance, manner, advantages and consequences of this process was intensively distributed through all communication channels, with the media playing a key role. According to the data of the official institutions for the public health of Serbia, by July 2021 the lowest percentage of vaccinated population was among those between the ages of 18 and 24—only 15% of this demographic had received the vaccine by this point. Given the low turnout of young people for vaccination, in this paper we investigated the general attitude of students in Serbia, as a special category of young people, towards the vaccine against the COVID-19 virus, as well as their attitude regarding information about vaccination in the media. Research was conducted on a sample of 345 students at the University of Novi Sad. The results of the research showed that 42% of students had not been vaccinated and did not plan to do so, 37.4% had received at least one dose of vaccine and 20.6% had not been vaccinated even though they planned to do so. Students who were vaccinated had more confidence in information provided through media channels than those who were not vaccinated. Therefore, it can be concluded that encouraging students to decide in favor of vaccination against the COVID-19 virus should come from the universities where they study as well as the media.

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“…A study in Germany identified demographic and political factors, with male left-wing voters who trust authorities, consume public media, and perceive COVID-19 as a significant health risk displaying the highest intention to vaccinate ( El-Far Cardo et al, 2021 ). Other studies of the Germany context establish links between vaccine hesitancy and conspiracy mindedness ( Jensen, Pfleger, et al, 2021 ) and between favorability of countries and foreign vaccines ( Jensen, Wagoner, et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy in Denmark and Russia: A qualitative typology at the nexus of agency and health capital

Schneider‐Kamp

2022

SSM - Qualitative Research in Health

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Factors That Shape People’s Attitudes towards the COVID-19 Pandemic in Germany—The Influence of MEDIA, Politics and Personal Characteristics

Cited by 31 publications

References 38 publications

Misinformation About COVID-19 Vaccines on Social Media: Rapid Review

Misinformation About COVID-19 Vaccines on Social Media: Rapid Review

Students’ Views on Vaccination against COVID-19 Virus and Trust in Media Information about the Vaccine: The Case of Serbia

COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy in Denmark and Russia: A qualitative typology at the nexus of agency and health capital

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