Facts and dilemmas in diagnosis of tuberculosis in wildlife

Maas, Miriam; Michel, Anita Luise; Rutten, Victor P.M.G.

doi:10.1016/j.cimid.2012.10.010

Cited by 46 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 164 publications

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“…bacterial culture, microscopic demonstration of acid-fast bacilli and polymerase chain reaction [PCR]) and indirect assays (i.e. detection of cellular or humoral immune response) [5,6]. Among the direct assays, bacterial culture and PCR are primarily used as postmortem tests as these tests lack the necessary sensitivity for antemortem detection of TB-infected animals and generally rely on detection of the organism within samples collected at necropsy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of ethanol vortex ELISA for detection of bovine tuberculosis in cattle and deer

et al. 2014

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BackgroundThe use of serological assays for diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis (TB) has been intensively studied and use of specific antigens have aided in improving the diagnostic accuracy of the assays. In the present study, we report an in-house enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), developed by using ethanol extract of Mycobacterium bovis (M. bovis). The assay, named (ethanol vortex ELISA [EVELISA]), was evaluated for detection of anti- M. bovis antibodies in the sera of cattle and white-tailed deer.MethodsBy using the EVELISA, we tested sera obtained from two species of animals; cattle (n = 62 [uninfected, n = 40; naturally infected, n = 22]) and white-tailed deer (n = 41 [uninfected, n = 25; naturally infected, n = 7; experimentally infected, n = 9]). To detect species specific molecules, components in the ethanol extract were analyzed by thin layer chromatography and western blotting.ResultsAmong the tested animals, 77.2% of infected cattle and 87.5% of infected deer tested positive for anti- M. bovis antibody. There were only minor false positive reactions (7.5% in cattle and 0% in deer) in uninfected animals. M. bovis -specific lipids and protein (MPB83) in the ethanol extract were detected by thin layer chromatography and western blotting, respectively.ConclusionThe results warrant further evaluation and validation of EVELISA for bovine TB diagnosis of traditional and alternative livestock as well as for free-ranging animal species.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of ethanol vortex ELISA for detection of bovine tuberculosis in cattle and deer

et al. 2014

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“…The extremely broad host spectrum of M. bovis includes both domestic and wild animals as well as humans, and has led to the establishment of a number of maintenance host species in a range of countries with wildlife populations. As a consequence of its negative impacts on many mammal species M. bovis has been recognised as a One Health determinant at the livestock/wildlife and animal/human interfaces (Palmer et al 2012;Bengis et al 2002;Michel et al 2010;Maas et al 2013;Miller and Olea-Popelka 2013).…”

Section: Mycobacterium Bovis Infections At the Animal/ Human Interfacementioning

confidence: 99%

Zoonotic Aspects of Tuberculosis: Disease of the past or re-emerging zoonosis?

Michel

2014

Zoonoses - Infections Affecting Humans and Animals

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Tuberculosis is a serious chronic disease of humans and animals caused by members of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. While M. tuberculosis affects primarily humans, Mycobacterium bovis has a wide range of host species including wild and domestic animals and humans. This chapter investigates the role of different host species in the transmission of tuberculosis at various animal/human interfaces. While drivers and modes of zoonotic TB transmission are reviewed, a broad spectrum of complexities hampering the eradication of this disease are highlighted. The most important constraints, next to factors related to pathogen-host interactions such as HIV co-infection and multidrug resistance of MTBC strains, are socio-economic shortcomings in the control of bovine tuberculosis in the cattle population as well as traditional customs and habits related to the consumption of milk and other animal products.

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“…M. tuberculosis pulmonary infection was subsequently confirmed by PCR amplification of DNA extracts from formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissue samples. Generally serological diagnosis of tuberculosis is of limited value in animals and humans and humoral immune responsiveness to MTBC is indicative of progressive tuberculous lesion development [10]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and molecular characterization of Mycobacterium bovis causing pulmonary tuberculosis and epistaxis in a Thoroughbred horse

et al. 2016

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Background: Tuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium bovis (M. bovis) is very uncommon in horses worldwide. Case presentation: In the current study, an eight-year-old male Thoroughbred in good body condition was admitted to the Equine Clinic at the Onderstepoort Veterinary Academic Hospital in 2005 due to bilateral epistaxis accompanied by coughing. Routine examinations were conducted to determine the cause of the condition. Endoscopic examination revealed the major source of the epistaxis as the trachea, whereas thoracic radiography indicated the presence of a primary pulmonary mass. M. bovis was isolated from a broncho-alveolar lavage (BAL) sample collected. The pulmonary mass reduced in size three months later following an oral administration of enrofloxacin (7.5 mg/kg PO SID). Genetic fingerprinting by spoligotyping identified the M. bovis isolate as spoligotype SB0868 strain. This M. bovis strain type was never described previously in South Africa (SA). This is the first case of M. bovis infection in a horse in SA which has been fully documented including clinical findings, isolation and genetic characterisation of the causative pathogen. Conclusions: This report indicates that horses may contract and harbour M. bovis despite their lower susceptibility compared to other domestic animals. It also suggests that the infection may be more easily contained and eliminated from the host.

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Facts and dilemmas in diagnosis of tuberculosis in wildlife

Cited by 46 publications

References 164 publications

Evaluation of ethanol vortex ELISA for detection of bovine tuberculosis in cattle and deer

Evaluation of ethanol vortex ELISA for detection of bovine tuberculosis in cattle and deer

Zoonotic Aspects of Tuberculosis: Disease of the past or re-emerging zoonosis?

Isolation and molecular characterization of Mycobacterium bovis causing pulmonary tuberculosis and epistaxis in a Thoroughbred horse

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