Fading of reactive dyes on cellulose under light and perspiration

Abstract

The fading of nine reactive dyes on cotton fabrics under light and perspiration was investigated using the ATTS standard and many factors affecting the stability of these dyes were discussed, viz. exposure environment, chromophores of dyes, the pH value and components of the artificial perspiration. The experimental results show that reactive dyes exhibit lowest stability under simultaneous exposure to light, perspiration and oxygen in a wet state. Among all selected dyes, Cu‐complex azo reactive dyes appear to be the most sensitive, whereas anthraquinone reactive dyes show the best stability. The pH value of perspiration may also greatly influence the fading of dyes by affecting the hydrolytic stability of dye–fibre bonding. Furthermore, the study on the contribution of artificial perspiration components discloses that some acidic components play major roles in the fading of the dyes and inorganic salts usually decelerate the fading extent.

The effects of L-histidine on the light and perspiration stability of 4,4’-diamino-stilbene-2,2’-disulfonic acid-based fluorescent whiteness agents on cotton fabrics

“…The histidine may be reacted with the HOO , generating the hydroperoxy anion (HOO -) and the His + (Equation (11)). After that, the hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), which is produced by the combination of the H + and the HOO -, can be further decomposed by light to form the hydroxyl radical (HO ) on one hand, and be oxidized by the O À 2 to gain HO , OH -and 1 O 2 on the other hand (Equations (12) and (13)). Once the 1 O 2 Scheme 2.…”

Environmental impact on the light and perspiration stability of triazinylstilbene fluorescent brighteners on cotton fabrics

“…Numerous dyed cotton fabrics show completely different light stability under simultaneous exposure to light and perspiration [16]. More critically, the fading of the TFBs on cotton fabric under simultaneous exposure to sunlight and human sweat may produce many toxic substances which could directly contact skin and threaten human health.…”

Fabrication of the light and perspiration stability enhancer for the reactive azo‐dyes based on amino silicon oil containing zinc oxide nanoparticles

“…However, the light‐degradation of reactive azo‐dyes under the sweating condition has been suspected to affect the colour of textiles and to generate some harmful substances, e.g. aniline [2]. Most recently, the artificial perspiration has been proved to play a critical role in the photochemical reaction of azo‐dyes; meanwhile, the aromatic amines were indeed formed by the perspiration‐driven light‐reduction of azo‐dyes [3].…”