Faecal bacteria of wild ruminants and the alpine marmot

Pagano, A.; Nardi, G; Bonaccorso, C.; Falbo, Vincenzo; Passi, C.; Sanguinetti, V.; Mantovani, A.

doi:10.1007/bf02215146

Cited by 17 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…In a study in Poland, it was confirmed that red deer and roe deer were carriers of Listeria and Campylobacter (Koronkiewicz, et al 2004). Several studies indicate that wild ruminants are a major reservoir of Yersinia (Shayegani 1983, Henderson 1984, Pagano, et al 1985.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of Composting Road-Killed Deer In New York State

Schwarz

Bonhotal

Harrison³

et al. 2010

Compost Science & Utilization

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Composting of deer carcasses was effective in reducing pathogen levels, decomposing the carcasses and producing a useable end product after 12 months. The composting process used in this project involved enveloping the carcasses of road-killed deer in woodchips and allowing those pues with natural air circulation to sit undisturbed. Temperatures were measured and samples from the piles were analyzed periodically for pathogens and for compost parameters. While significant pathogen reduction occurred in several months, it took 12 months for all of the measured pathogens to decline to low levels in all of the 6 piles studied. Samples taken at other sites in New York State that have been composting road-killed deer for over a year also had low pathogen content. We thus suggest a composting duration of 12 months before use. In the interest of being cautious, we also recommend that the end product be used in low pubuc contact settings such as highway rightsof-way.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of Composting Road-Killed Deer In New York State

Schwarz

Bonhotal

Harrison³

et al. 2010

Compost Science & Utilization

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“…However, previous attempts to identify Salmonella spp. in feces from healthy cervid populations have not been successful (Henderson and Hemmingsen, 1983;Pagano et al, 1985;Wahlstrom et al, 2003;Branham et al, 2005). Estimating the prevalence and serovars of Salmonella in deer populations will aid in determining the potential impact on domestic and wild animal populations and the risk of human disease from Salmonella shed in the feces of deer.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Previous surveys of clinically normal cervid populations failed to identify Salmonella spp. in fecal samples from 122 deer farms (3,810 samples) in New Zealand (Henderson and Hemmingsen, 1983), 60 red deer and 13 roe deer in Italy (Pagano et al, 1985), 86 moose, 172 roe deer, and 37 red and fallow deer in Sweden (Wahlstrom et al, 2003), or 26 white-tailed deer harvested by hunters in Texas, USA (Branham et al, 2005). Salmonella were detected in 2 (8%) of 26 samples that were collected from the rumen of white-tailed deer harvested on a university ranch in Texas, USA (Branham et al, 2005).…”

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confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Serovars of Salmonella in the Feces of Free-Ranging White-Tailed Deer (Odocoileus virginianus) in Nebraska

Renter

Gnad

Sargeant

et al. 2006

Journal of Wildlife Diseases

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ABSTRACT:To determine the prevalence and serovars of Salmonella in free-ranging deer, we cultured feces from white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) harvested by hunters during a regular firearm season in southeastern Nebraska (USA). We recovered Salmonella from 5 (1%; 95% confidence interval: 0.37-2.20%) of 500 samples and identified four different Salmonella enterica serovars [Litchfield (1), Dessau (1), Infantis (2), and Enteritidis (1)]. Although the prevalence of Salmonella in free-ranging deer appears to be low, the serovars recovered are known to be pathogenic to humans and animals.

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“…Unfortunately, the samples for bacteriological investigations were pooled by the authors what obscures the picture of current situation concerning Y. enterocolitica infections in this animal species. Pagano et al (1985) conducted one of the first studies on the prevalence of Yersinia spp. in wild animals in Europe.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioserotypes and virulence markers of Y. enterocolitica strains isolated from roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) and red deer (Cervus elaphus)

Bancerz‐Kisiel¹,

Szczerba‐Turek²,

Platt-Samoraj³

et al. 2014

Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences

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Free-living animals are an important environmental reservoir of pathogens dangerous for other animal species and humans. One of those is Yersinia (Y.) enterocolitica, the causative agent of yersiniosis -foodborne, enzootic disease, significant for public health. The purpose of the study was to identify bioserotypes and virulence markers of Y. enterocolitica strains isolated from roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) and red deer (Cervus elaphus) obtained during the 2010/2011 hunting season in north-eastern Poland. From among 48 rectal swabs obtained from 24 roe deer, two strains of Y. enterocolitica from one animal were isolated. Although both belonged to biotype 1A they were identified as different serotypes. The strain obtained from cold culture (PSB) belonged to serotype O:5, while the strain isolated from warm culture (ITC) was regarded as nonidentified (NI), what may suggest mixed infection in that animal. The presence of ystB gene, coding for YstB enterotoxin, directly related to Y. enterocolitica pathogenicity was detected in both strains using triplex PCR. The effect of the examination of 32 swabs obtained from 16 red deer was the isolation of two Y. enterocolitica strains from two different animals. Both belonged to biotype 1A with NI serotype, but were originated from different types of culture. They gave positive results in case of products of a size corresponding to the ystB gene. No amplicons corresponding to ail and ystA genes were found. Roe deer and red deer may carry and shed Y. enterocolitica, what seems to be important in aspect of an environmental reservoir of this pathogen. The Y. enterocolitica strains isolated from wild ruminants had the amplicons of the ystB gene, what suggest they can be potential source of Y. enterocolitica infection for humans.

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Faecal bacteria of wild ruminants and the alpine marmot

Cited by 17 publications

References 15 publications

Effectiveness of Composting Road-Killed Deer In New York State

Effectiveness of Composting Road-Killed Deer In New York State

Prevalence and Serovars of Salmonella in the Feces of Free-Ranging White-Tailed Deer (Odocoileus virginianus) in Nebraska

Bioserotypes and virulence markers of Y. enterocolitica strains isolated from roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) and red deer (Cervus elaphus)

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