Faecal levels of Bifidobacterium and Clostridium coccoides but not plasma lipopolysaccharide are inversely related to insulin and HOMA index in women

Teixeira, Tatiana Fiche Salles; Grześkowiak, Łukasz; Salminen, Seppo; Laitinen, Kirsi; Bressan, Josefina; Pelúzio, Maria do Carmo Gouveia

doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2013.02.008

Cited by 75 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Teixeira et al, 2013). It should be noted that the detected positive association did not simply reflect a decrease in bifidobacteria on reduced carbohydrate WL diets that improved insulin status, as observed previously (Duncan et al, 2007;Lobley et al, 2013), but remained significant also when the WL data were omitted, highlighting the major contribution of inter-individual variation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Impact of diet and individual variation on intestinal microbiota composition and fermentation products in obese men

et al. 2014

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There is growing interest in understanding how diet affects the intestinal microbiota, including its possible associations with systemic diseases such as metabolic syndrome. Here we report a comprehensive and deep microbiota analysis of 14 obese males consuming fully controlled diets supplemented with resistant starch (RS) or non-starch polysaccharides (NSPs) and a weight-loss (WL) diet. We analyzed the composition, diversity and dynamics of the fecal microbiota on each dietary regime by phylogenetic microarray and quantitative PCR (qPCR) analysis. In addition, we analyzed fecal short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) as a proxy of colonic fermentation, and indices of insulin sensitivity from blood samples. The diet explained around 10% of the total variance in microbiota composition, which was substantially less than the inter-individual variance. Yet, each of the study diets induced clear and distinct changes in the microbiota. Multiple Ruminococcaceae phylotypes increased on the RS diet, whereas mostly Lachnospiraceae phylotypes increased on the NSP diet. Bifidobacteria decreased significantly on the WL diet. The RS diet decreased the diversity of the microbiota significantly. The total 16S ribosomal RNA gene signal estimated by qPCR correlated positively with the three major SCFAs, while the amount of propionate specifically correlated with the Bacteroidetes. The dietary responsiveness of the individual's microbiota varied substantially and associated inversely with its diversity, suggesting that individuals can be stratified into responders and non-responders based on the features of their intestinal microbiota.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Impact of diet and individual variation on intestinal microbiota composition and fermentation products in obese men

et al. 2014

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“…Therefore, we took advantage of a cohort of subjects enrolled by Brazilian Advento Study Group to see if the relation between A. muciniphila and metabolism we observed in mice can be also found in human population. Investigations have recently related levels of A. muciniphila with diabetes and/or obesity25323334, however, several other metagenomic studies did not report an association between this bacterium and metabolic abnormalities in humans3536. Considering that multiple gut microbes besides A. muciniphila may influence glucose metabolism, we speculated that in cases where this microbe is at low levels, it is less likely to contribute considerably to the phenotype because other more abundant microbes would be stronger players.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Akkermansia muciniphila mediates negative effects of IFNγ on glucose metabolism

et al. 2016

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Cross-talk between the gut microbiota and the host immune system regulates host metabolism, and its dysregulation can cause metabolic disease. Here, we show that the gut microbe Akkermansia muciniphila can mediate negative effects of IFNγ on glucose tolerance. In IFNγ-deficient mice, A. muciniphila is significantly increased and restoration of IFNγ levels reduces A. muciniphila abundance. We further show that IFNγ-knockout mice whose microbiota does not contain A. muciniphila do not show improvement in glucose tolerance and adding back A. muciniphila promoted enhanced glucose tolerance. We go on to identify Irgm1 as an IFNγ-regulated gene in the mouse ileum that controls gut A. muciniphila levels. A. muciniphila is also linked to IFNγ-regulated gene expression in the intestine and glucose parameters in humans, suggesting that this trialogue between IFNγ, A. muciniphila and glucose tolerance might be an evolutionally conserved mechanism regulating metabolic health in mice and humans.

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“…Previous studies had also shown that Clostridium leptum is negatively correlated with fat mass, fasting glycaemia, insulinaemia and HOMA 27,31 . In the present study, Clostridium leptum was only reduced in Wistar rats fed with HF diet and these were the animals presenting a worsened metabolic scenario.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

High-fat diet-induced obesity Rat model: a comparison between Wistar and Sprague-Dawley Rat

et al. 2015

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In the past decades, obesity and associated metabolic complications have reached epidemic proportions. For the study of these pathologies, a number of animal models have been developed. However, a direct comparison between Wistar and Sprague-Dawley (SD) Rat as models of high-fat (HF) diet-induced obesity has not been adequately evaluated so far. Wistar and SD rats were assigned for 2 experimental groups for 17 weeks: standard (St) and high-fat (HF) diet groups. To assess some of the features of the metabolic syndrome, oral glucose tolerance tests, systolic blood pressure measurements and blood biochemical analysis were performed throughout the study. The gut microbiota composition of the animals of each group was evaluated at the end of the study by real-time PCR. HF diet increased weight gain, body fat mass, mesenteric adipocyte's size, adiponectin and leptin plasma levels and decreased oral glucose tolerance in both Wistar and SD rats. However, the majority of these effects were more pronounced or earlier detected in Wistar rats. The gut microbiota of SD rats was less abundant in Bacteroides and Prevotella but richer in Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus comparatively to the gut microbiota of Wistar rats. Nevertheless, the modulation of the gut microbiota by HF diet was similar in both strains, except for Clostridium leptum that was only reduced in Wistar rats fed with HF diet. In conclusion, both Wistar and SD Rat can be used as models of HF diet-induced obesity although the metabolic effects caused by HF diet seemed to be more pronounced in Wistar Rat. Differences in the gut microbial ecology may account for the worsened metabolic scenario observed in Wistar Rat.

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Faecal levels of Bifidobacterium and Clostridium coccoides but not plasma lipopolysaccharide are inversely related to insulin and HOMA index in women

Cited by 75 publications

References 28 publications

Impact of diet and individual variation on intestinal microbiota composition and fermentation products in obese men

Impact of diet and individual variation on intestinal microbiota composition and fermentation products in obese men

Akkermansia muciniphila mediates negative effects of IFNγ on glucose metabolism

High-fat diet-induced obesity Rat model: a comparison between Wistar and Sprague-Dawley Rat

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