Faecal microbial biomarkers in early diagnosis of colorectal cancer

Olovo, Chinasa Valerie; Huang, Xinxiang; Zheng, Xueming; Xu, Min

doi:10.1111/jcmm.17010

Cited by 40 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 93 publications

(312 reference statements)

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Section: Crc and Gut Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CRC is the third most common cancer, and the second most frequent cause of cancer deaths worldwide being more common in developed than in developing countries[ 27 , 28 ]. Notwithstanding cases in all countries are on the rise, most CRC cases occur in Western countries, where there is an increase in incidence[ 28 ]. CRC rates in older adults in the United States have declined in recent years probably due to increased screening, but rates in younger adults have been rising, which may be correlated with higher incidence of obesity and other diet and lifestyle trends in the western hemisphere[ 29 ].…”

Section: Crc and Gut Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gut microbiota, inflammatory bowel disease and colorectal cancer

Quaglio¹,

Grillo²,

Oliveira³

et al. 2022

WJG

190

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The gut microbiota is a complex community of microorganisms that inhabit the digestive tracts of humans, living in symbiosis with the host. Dysbiosis, characterized by an imbalance between the beneficial and opportunistic gut microbiota, is associated with several gastrointestinal disorders, such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS); inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), represented by ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease; and colorectal cancer (CRC). Dysbiosis can disrupt the mucosal barrier, resulting in perpetuation of inflammation and carcinogenesis. The increase in some specific groups of harmful bacteria, such as Escherichia coli ( E. coli ) and enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis (ETBF), has been associated with chronic tissue inflammation and the release of pro-inflammatory and carcinogenic mediators, increasing the chance of developing CRC, following the inflammation-dysplasia-cancer sequence in IBD patients. Therefore, the aim of the present review was to analyze the correlation between changes in the gut microbiota and the development and maintenance of IBD, CRC, and IBD-associated CRC. Patients with IBD and CRC have shown reduced bacterial diversity and abundance compared to healthy individuals, with enrichment of Firmicute s and Bacteroidetes . Specific bacteria are also associated with the onset and progression of CRC, such as Fusobacterium nucleatum , E. coli , Enterococcus faecalis , Streptococcus gallolyticus , and ETBF. Future research can evaluate the advantages of modulating the gut microbiota as preventive measures in CRC high-risk patients, directly affecting the prognosis of the disease and the quality of life of patients.

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Section: Crc and Gut Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Crc and Gut Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut microbiota, inflammatory bowel disease and colorectal cancer

Quaglio¹,

Grillo²,

Oliveira³

et al. 2022

WJG

190

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Representative microbial taxa can serve as potential markers for the diagnosis of diseases (Olovo et al 2021;Tarracchini et al 2021). We found several distinctive OTUs and gut microbial genera in the control, Mor-dep and Mor-nondep groups, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterized profiles of gut microbiota in morphine abstinence-induced depressive-like behavior

Ji,

Yan,

Zhang

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Morphine is the most widely used analgesic for pain management worldwide. Abstinence of morphine could lead to neuropsychiatric symptoms including depression. Gut microbiota is believed to contribute to the development of depression. However, the characters and potential role of gut microbiota in morphine abstinence-induced depression remains unclear. In the present study, we first established mice models of morphine abstinence-induced depressive behavior in mice. After dividing the mice into depressive and non-depressive groups, the gut microbiota of the mice was detected by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The difference in the diversities and abundance of the gut microbiota were analyzed between groups. Then, the representative microbial markers that could distinguish each group were identified. In addition, gene function prediction of the operational taxonomic units (OTUs) with differential abundance between the depressive and nondepressive groups after morphine abstinence was conducted. Our results suggested that four weeks from abstinence of morphine did not change the richness of the gut microbiota. While, morphine abstinence influenced the gut microbial composition. Several specific genera of gut microbiota were identified as markers for each of the groups. Interestingly, the pathway of fatty acid metabolism was found enriched in the OUTs in the depressive group compared with the nondepressive group after morphine abstinence, by gene function prediction. Our data suggested that dysbiosis of gut microbiota was associated with morphine abstinence-induced depressive behavior, possibly by implicating the fatty acid metabolism pathway.

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“…(4) It is pertinent to point out that antibiotics usage alters the microbial community and the expression of markers. (5) The differences between mucosa-associated and fecal microbiota should be considered [ 210 , 211 ].…”

Section: Employing Microbes or Their Metabolites As A Predictable Mar...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging role of human microbiome in cancer development and response to therapy: special focus on intestinal microflora

et al. 2022

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In recent years, there has been a greater emphasis on the impact of microbial populations inhabiting the gastrointestinal tract on human health and disease. According to the involvement of microbiota in modulating physiological processes (such as immune system development, vitamins synthesis, pathogen displacement, and nutrient uptake), any alteration in its composition and diversity (i.e., dysbiosis) has been linked to a variety of pathologies, including cancer. In this bidirectional relationship, colonization with various bacterial species is correlated with a reduced or elevated risk of certain cancers. Notably, the gut microflora could potentially play a direct or indirect role in tumor initiation and progression by inducing chronic inflammation and producing toxins and metabolites. Therefore, identifying the bacterial species involved and their mechanism of action could be beneficial in preventing the onset of tumors or controlling their advancement. Likewise, the microbial community affects anti-cancer approaches’ therapeutic potential and adverse effects (such as immunotherapy and chemotherapy). Hence, their efficiency should be evaluated in the context of the microbiome, underlining the importance of personalized medicine. In this review, we summarized the evidence revealing the microbiota's involvement in cancer and its mechanism. We also delineated how microbiota could predict colon carcinoma development or response to current treatments to improve clinical outcomes.

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Faecal microbial biomarkers in early diagnosis of colorectal cancer

Cited by 40 publications

References 93 publications

Gut microbiota, inflammatory bowel disease and colorectal cancer

Gut microbiota, inflammatory bowel disease and colorectal cancer

Characterized profiles of gut microbiota in morphine abstinence-induced depressive-like behavior

Emerging role of human microbiome in cancer development and response to therapy: special focus on intestinal microflora

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