FAHR SYNDROME: Three cases presenting with psychiatric signs

Fahr’s Syndrome and Secondary Hypoparathyroidism

“…Complementary data include hypocalcemia and hypoparathyroidism, and pathognomonic images of computed tomography are bilateral calcifications of basal ganglia, thalamus, centrum semiovale, and dentate cerebellar nuclei [1][2][3][4]. Clinical features of the syndrome often appear in people with 30-60 years of age [2,3]. Hypocalcemia is found in chronic renal failure, deficiency or resistance to vitamin D, hungry bone syndrome, hypoalbuminemia, hypomagnesemia, hypoparathyroidism, malignant diseases, pancreatitis, pseudohypoparathyroidism, and rabdomyolisis [5].…”

“…Main symptoms include extra-pyramidal and cerebellar disorders, cognitive impairment, epileptic seizures, and psychiatric changes [2][3][4]. Complementary data include hypocalcemia and hypoparathyroidism, and pathognomonic images of computed tomography are bilateral calcifications of basal ganglia, thalamus, centrum semiovale, and dentate cerebellar nuclei [1][2][3][4].…”

“…Fahr's syndrome or bilateral striatopallidodentate calcinosis is a condition of sporadic or familial occurrence [1][2][3][4]. The reported prevalence of this syndrome is less than 0.5%, but it seems underestimated [3].…”

“…Individuals between 30 and 60 years constitute the more commonly involved group [2,3]. Hypocalcemia and hypoparathyroidism play a major role in calcifications of the central nervous system associated with the neurological and psychiatric features of the syndrome [1][2][3][4]. Diagnostic challenges are related to the lack of indicative symptoms in the early phase, and confirmatory data depends upon laboratory and imaging studies of the brain structures.…”

“…The reported prevalence of this syndrome is less than 0.5%, but it seems underestimated [3]. Individuals between 30 and 60 years constitute the more commonly involved group [2,3]. Hypocalcemia and hypoparathyroidism play a major role in calcifications of the central nervous system associated with the neurological and psychiatric features of the syndrome [1][2][3][4].…”