Failed predator attacks: A direct test of security of tree cavities used by nesting Marsh Tits (<i>Poecile palustris</i>)

Wesołowski, Tomasz

doi:10.1642/auk-17-51.1

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Predation of eggs or chicks is the leading cause of nest failure in birds, with small rodents (Bradley and Marzluff 2003) and corvids (Marzluff and Neatherlin 2006) among the leading threats. The breeding success of cavity nesting species tends to be greater than that of species that build open cup nests (Wesołowski 2017), particularly if those species are nesting in boxes with antipredator guards provided by humans (Bailey and Bonter 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Supplementing non‐target taxa: bird feeding alters the local distribution of mammals

Reed

Bonter

2018

Ecological Applications

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Although the effects of bird feeding on avian species have been extensively examined, few studies evaluate the indirect effects of bird feeding on non-target taxa. Bird seed could provide direct nourishment to several mammalian species (e.g., Lagomorpha, Rodentia, and Cetartiodactyla), potentially altering their distribution and behavior with possible unintended consequences for some avian populations, particularly those not directly benefiting from the resource. To examine how bird feeders may influence the presence and behavior of mammals, we used camera traps to quantify differences in the distribution and richness of mammal species frequenting sites with bird feeders and control sites (lacking feeders) in Ithaca, New York, USA. We recorded 15,684 images capturing 12 mammal species with gray squirrel (Sciurus carolinensis) and raccoon (Procyon lotor) detected significantly more often at feeder sites than at control sites. Detections of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) marginally increased near feeders whereas detections of several carnivorous species were unrelated to the presence of bird feeders. We recorded larger gray squirrel and raccoon group sizes and greater mammal richness at feeder sites than at nearby control sites. We detected squirrels and raccoons less when snow covered the ground than on snow-free days. Ambient temperature was not a strong predictor of mammal detections. Camera trapping revealed strong, species-specific patterns in the timing of daily visitation to areas with feeders. Because many mammals depredate bird nests, the local increases in mammal richness and activity near bird feeders may create an ecological trap for avian species nesting in close proximity to supplemental feeding stations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Supplementing non‐target taxa: bird feeding alters the local distribution of mammals

Reed

Bonter

2018

Ecological Applications

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“…They also generate variability that may be amplified by feedback loops, leading to the emergence of novel relations or structures. addition to facilitation, interactions among excavators and nonexcavators can include competition and predation (Blanc and Walters 2008a, Wesołowski 2017, Wiebe 2017. Cavity-nesters disperse seeds of future nest trees and spores of the wood-decay fungi that facilitate cavity formation (Lonsdale et al 2008, Holbrook and Loiselle 2009, Jusino et al 2016, Tella et al 2016, Speziale et al 2018, but some species may also reduce recruitment of cavity trees through seed predation (Renton 2001).…”

Section: Uncertainty and Nonlinearitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Nurturing resilient forest biodiversity: nest webs as complex adaptive systems

Ibarra¹,

Cockle²,

Altamirano³

et al. 2020

E&S

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Forests are complex adaptive systems in which properties at higher levels emerge from localized networks of many entities interacting at lower levels, allowing the development of multiple ecological pathways and processes. Cavity-nesters exist within networks known as "nest webs" that link trees, excavators, e.g. woodpeckers, and nonexcavators (many songbirds, ducks, raptors, and other organisms) at the community level. We use the idea of panarchy (interacting adaptive cycles at multiple spatio-temporal scales) to expand the nest web concept to levels from single tree to biome. We then assess properties of nest web systems (redundancy, heterogeneity, memory, uncertainty, and nonlinearity) using examples from our studies in temperate, subtropical, and tropical forests of the Americas. Although nest webs from Chile, Canada, Argentina, and Ecuador have independent evolutionary histories, structures, and disturbance regimes, they share the main properties of complex adaptive systems. Heterogeneity, redundancy, and memory allow nest web systems to absorb some degree of disturbance without undergoing a regime shift; that is, without changing their basic structures and functions, i.e., the system's identity. Understanding nest webs as complex adaptive systems will inform management practices to nurture the resilience of forest biodiversity in the face of local, regional, and global social-ecological changes.

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“…If they stay in front of the entrance hole, they receive more food but may suffer higher predation risk and less favourable thermal conditions. On the other hand, if they stay in the dark corner, they may spend more time resting, better protected from predators or avoiding unfavourable ambient thermal conditions but are less likely fed (Wiebe 2001;Wesołowski 2002Wesołowski , 2017Dawson et al 2005;Rhodes et al 2009;Wesołowski and Maziarz 2012;Maziarz and Wesołowski 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of different weather aspects on breeding performance, food supply and nest-space use in hoopoe offspring

Nuhlíčková

Svêtlík

Eckenfellner

et al. 2021

Behav Ecol Sociobiol

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In this study, we investigated the influence of different weather aspects on breeding performance, food supply and nest-space use in hoopoe offspring (Upupa epops). Camera recordings of 88 nests were used to examine how ambient environmental conditions influence food supply, offspring nest-space use and the trade-off nestlings face regarding the two mainly used locations in the nest. Therefore, we provide a comprehensive analysis involving different factors including weather parameters together with food provisioned to nestlings on different temporal scales to identify the factors having the most influence on nest-space use. We found that different breeding conditions significantly influenced how nestlings used the nest. During excessively humid weather, nestlings spent more time under the entrance hole when small food was delivered. However, nestlings supplied with large prey more often remained hidden in the distant area, despite the adverse weather situation. In all three aspects and temporal scales, our analysis confirmed that prey was the most important factor influencing offspring nest-space use, suggesting a crucial role of large insects for hoopoes. Finally, we found that long-term effects of weather affect overall food provisioned to nestlings and thus offspring behaviour. We provide evidence that parental feeding location and prey size, which are in turn influenced by weather conditions, are the most influential factors for nest-space use. This study expands our knowledge of parent–offspring communication and how environmental factors may lead to differential nest-space use, which may be regarded as the earliest form of habitat preference in birds. Significance statement Nests are usually constrained in space but designed to protect offspring from the environment while giving them limited possibilities to express behavioural diversity. This is particularly true for bird nests, where nestlings are usually packed in close contact with one another and without much space for movement, except begging. Here we demonstrate that nest features, such as available nest space together with environmental conditions surrounding a nest, influence nestling strategies and behaviours, including social interactions between nest mates, which further leads to fitness consequences. Our results seem to be of great importance for habitat selection theory in birds, in particular regarding the early development of habitat preferences (imprinting) and use. On the other hand, the result may also have important implications for conservation issues given that nestling behaviour may be used as a determinant of environmental quality.

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Failed predator attacks: A direct test of security of tree cavities used by nesting Marsh Tits (Poecile palustris)

Cited by 11 publications

References 33 publications

Supplementing non‐target taxa: bird feeding alters the local distribution of mammals

Supplementing non‐target taxa: bird feeding alters the local distribution of mammals

Nurturing resilient forest biodiversity: nest webs as complex adaptive systems

Influence of different weather aspects on breeding performance, food supply and nest-space use in hoopoe offspring

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