“…Generally, the bearing failure was attributed to the interacted failure factors of bearing, including human factors, equipment factors, material, processing methods and qualities, and service condition. 6 A large number of failure analysis cases in the previous references confirmed that the bearing life was obviously influenced by the material quality (large inclusions, defects), heat treatment quality, 7,8 stress concentration, 9 unreasonable design, 10 improper process, 11 environmental factors, [12][13][14] machined surface quality [15][16][17][18] , and overload. [19][20][21] To the best of our knowledge, there is no systematic and effective failure analysis method for the water pump shaft bearing.…”