Abstract:A metal container used for food packaging must
preserve the food’s edibility characteristics for a long period
of time. Lacquered tinplate is suitable for canning food
provided that the cans are airtight.This article details a root
cause failure analysis that was conducted utilizing a sample
of tuna cans taken from an affected batch of one million
units. Several examinations were carried out to identify the
failure’s root cause: visual examination, SEM fractography,
micro-hardness measurement, and microstructu… Show more
“…Among these events, mechanical (hits and vibrations) and climatic (temperature and humidity) factors have to be taken into account. Mechanical damage and transport vibrations under load can accelerate corrosive phenomena both modifying the superficial relationships and creating the conditions for the activation of a localised corrosion process such as stress corrosion cracking [20]. Environmental humidity is responsible for corrosive phenomena of the external surface of containers.…”
Section: Influence Of the Conditions Of Storage And Transportmentioning
The corrosion of metal packs is of major importance for health reasons and with reference to the possible reduction of shelf-life values. Basically, main failures of metal packages can be excessive metal amounts in food products, hydrogen swelling, perforation, lacquer blistering or delaminating, and modification of sensorial properties. Therefore, the possibility of minimising corrosion phenomena is of great concern depending on the exact knowledge of chemical and physical factors and causes. This chapter examines the thermodynamic and kinetic aspects of the corrosion mechanisms of tinplate, tin-free steel (TFS) and aluminium with a brief introduction to corrosion theory. In detail, a description of main anodic, cathodic and galvanic coupling prevailing reactions is provided in this chapter with particular reference to preserved foods and possible consequences (aggressiveness). The following factors with some correlation with corrosive phenomena are considered: chemistry of the metallic material, food formulation, packaging process, properties of the organic coating, and shape and capacity of the container. In particular, the role of oxygen is discussed. In addition, the description of the corrosion morphology is shown along with some practical examples with reference to failures such as detinning and pitting.
“…Among these events, mechanical (hits and vibrations) and climatic (temperature and humidity) factors have to be taken into account. Mechanical damage and transport vibrations under load can accelerate corrosive phenomena both modifying the superficial relationships and creating the conditions for the activation of a localised corrosion process such as stress corrosion cracking [20]. Environmental humidity is responsible for corrosive phenomena of the external surface of containers.…”
Section: Influence Of the Conditions Of Storage And Transportmentioning
The corrosion of metal packs is of major importance for health reasons and with reference to the possible reduction of shelf-life values. Basically, main failures of metal packages can be excessive metal amounts in food products, hydrogen swelling, perforation, lacquer blistering or delaminating, and modification of sensorial properties. Therefore, the possibility of minimising corrosion phenomena is of great concern depending on the exact knowledge of chemical and physical factors and causes. This chapter examines the thermodynamic and kinetic aspects of the corrosion mechanisms of tinplate, tin-free steel (TFS) and aluminium with a brief introduction to corrosion theory. In detail, a description of main anodic, cathodic and galvanic coupling prevailing reactions is provided in this chapter with particular reference to preserved foods and possible consequences (aggressiveness). The following factors with some correlation with corrosive phenomena are considered: chemistry of the metallic material, food formulation, packaging process, properties of the organic coating, and shape and capacity of the container. In particular, the role of oxygen is discussed. In addition, the description of the corrosion morphology is shown along with some practical examples with reference to failures such as detinning and pitting.
“…Engineers, however, routinely have to confront with more complicated scenarios in which multiple factors may be involved and intermediate stages also play a role. As an example, let us consider a failure case analyzed by Barella et al (2011). A large batch of canned tuna in olive oil (1 million cans) failed during the utilization stage, approximately 6–8 months after production, when customers started complaining because the product appeared to be contaminated.…”
Section: The Life Cycle Approach In Actionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…5 where the production of the tuna cans has been split into two stages: manufacturing, in which the steel sheets are transformed into lacquered cans; and assembly, in which tuna and oil are poured into the cans.Fig. 5Life cycle model of the failure of tuna cans described in (Barella et al 2011)…”
Section: The Life Cycle Approach In Actionmentioning
Failure is a central notion both in ethics of engineering and in engineering practice. Engineers devote considerable resources to assure their products will not fail and considerable progress has been made in the development of tools and methods for understanding and avoiding failure. Engineering ethics, on the other hand, is concerned with the moral and social aspects related to the causes and consequences of technological failures. But what is meant by failure, and what does it mean that a failure has occurred? The subject of this paper is how engineers use and define this notion. Although a traditional definition of failure can be identified that is shared by a large part of the engineering community, the literature shows that engineers are willing to consider as failures also events and circumstance that are at odds with this traditional definition. These cases violate one or more of three assumptions made by the traditional approach to failure. An alternative approach, inspired by the notion of product life cycle, is proposed which dispenses with these assumptions. Besides being able to address the traditional cases of failure, it can deal successfully with the problematic cases. The adoption of a life cycle perspective allows the introduction of a clearer notion of failure and allows a classification of failure phenomena that takes into account the roles of stakeholders involved in the various stages of a product life cycle.
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