Failure of predicted VO2peak to discriminate physical fitness in epidemiological studies

Whaley, M. H.; Kaminsky, Leonard A.; Dwyer, Gregory B.; Getchell, Leroy H.

doi:10.1249/00005768-199501000-00016

Cited by 56 publications

(75 citation statements)

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“…The variables affecting VO 2 max have been gender, age, BMI as well as volume and intensity of physical activity during a certain time period. Four of these studies had also evaluated the validity of non-exercise models to predict maximal aerobic fitness [11,12,18,32]. In a study of Whaley et al (1995) [32], the average age of participating men and women was 40 years, of whose age, gender, BMI and physical activity status explained 70% of the variation in VO 2 max.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of aerobic fitness among young men without exercise test

Tanskanen

Kyröläinen

Santtila

et al. 2015

Biomedical Human Kinetics

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SummaryStudy aim: to develop and estimate the validity of non-exercise methods to predict VO 2 max among young male conscripts entering military service in order to divide them into the different physical training groups. Material and methods: fifty males (age 19.7 ± 0.3 years) reported their physical activity before military service by IPAQ and SIVAQ questionnaires. Furthermore, Jackson's non-exercise method was used to estimate VO 2 max. Body mass and height were measured, body mass index calculated and VO 2 max measured directly in a maximal treadmill test. Subjects were randomly divided into two groups. The results of the Group 1 (N = 25) were used to develop a regression equation to estimate VO 2 max. The results of the Group 2 (N = 25) were used to evaluate the validity of the developed non-exercise methods and Jackson's non-exercise methods to estimate VO 2 max by Bland and Altman plot. The validity was further evaluated by comparing the results to 12-minute running test performed by 877 male conscripts (age 19.6 ± 0.2 years). Results: the developed models explained 68-74% of the variation in VO 2 max. Mean difference between directly measured and estimated VO 2 max was not significant, while Jackson's method overestimated VO 2 max (p < 0.001). Both developed models were equally valid to divide conscripts into tertile group of fitness. However, 5% of the conscripts were classified into the highest fitness group based on both methods, but they were actually in the lowest fitness group based on a running test. Conclusion: in practice, these findings suggest that developed methods can be used as a tool to divide conscripts into different fitness groups in the very beginning of their military service.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of aerobic fitness among young men without exercise test

Tanskanen

Kyröläinen

Santtila

et al. 2015

Biomedical Human Kinetics

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“…In the study of Heil et al (1995), with 439 adult subjects of 20-79 years old, the predictor variables of regression equation included age, gender, percentage body fat and physical activity, and the R 2 of regression model was 0.77. In the study of Whaley et al (1995), with 1,175 adult subjects, the predictor variables of regression equation included age, gender, resting heart rate, percentage body fat, smoking and physical activity, and the R 2 of regression model was 0.73. In the study of Jackson et al (1990), with 1,543 adult subjects of 20-70 years old, the predictor variables of regression equation included age, gender, body mass index (or percentage body fat) and physical activity, and the R 2 of regression model with body mass index and percentage body fat was 0.62 and 0.66, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Maranhão et al (2004) reviewed previous 23 studies in relation to non-exercise regression models and evaluated the models' effectualness and their applicability to epidemiologic studies using the quality criteria (i.e., theoretical justification for the explanatory variables, validation criteria, regression models fully reported and cross-validation). Based on the five studies which met all established quality criteria, the authors considered gender, age, body mass index (or percentage body fat), leisure-time physical activity, smoking and perceived functional ability as predictors of maximal oxygen uptake (Jackson et al 1990;Whaley et al 1995;Heil et al 1995;George et al 1997;Mathews et al 1999).…”

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confidence: 99%

Estimation of Maximal Oxygen Uptake without Exercise Testing in Korean Healthy Adult Workers

Jang

Park

Kim

et al. 2012

Tohoku J. Exp. Med.

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Maximal oxygen uptake is generally accepted as the most valid and reliable index of cardiorespiratory fitness and functional aerobic capacity. The exercise test for measuring maximal oxygen uptake is unsuitable for screening tests in public heath examinations, because of the potential risks of exercise exertion and time demands. We designed this study to determine whether work-related physical activity is a potential predictor of maximal oxygen uptake, and to develop a maximal oxygen uptake equation using a non-exercise regression model for the cardiorespiratory fitness test in Korean adult workers. Study subjects were adult workers of small-sized companies in Korea. Subjects with history of disease such as hypertension, diabetes, asthma and angina were excluded. In total, 217 adult subjects (113 men of 21-55 years old and 104 women of 20-64 years old) were included. Self-report questionnaire survey was conducted on study subjects, and maximal oxygen uptake of each subject was measured with the exercise test. The statistical analysis was carried out to develop an equation for estimating maximal oxygen uptake. The predictors for estimating maximal oxygen uptake included age, gender, body mass index, smoking, leisure-time physical activity and the factors representing work-related physical activity. The work-related physical activity was identified to be a predictor of maximal oxygen uptake. Moreover, the equation showed high validity according to the statistical analysis. The equation for estimating maximal oxygen uptake developed in the present study could be used as a screening test for assessing cardiorespiratory fitness in Korean adult workers.

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“…Misclassification of a low fit individual as high fit was only observed in 0.13% of cases 24 . Whaley et al 25 agreed that models for predicting CRF are valid because they satisfy statistical criteria. However, the authors argued that the models are insufficiently accurate for predicting CRF in epidemiological studies aimed at evaluating the risk for development of chronic degenerative diseases; an opinion contrary to other studies 14,16,17 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Equações de predição da aptidão cardiorrespiratória de adultos sem teste de exercícios físicos

Cáceres

Ulbrich

Panigas

et al. 2012

Rev. Bras. Cineantropom. Desempenho Hum.

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-The most accurate tool for assessment of cardiorespiratory fitness is cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET). However, CPET requires expensive equipment, trained technicians and time, which limits their use in population studies. In view of this issue, the present study aims to develop regression equations for predicting the cardiorespiratory fitness of adults using simple measurement variables. The study used data from 8,293 subjects, 5,291 male and 3,235 female (age range, 18 to 65 years). The sample was recruited in Florianopolis, Santa Catarina. To develop equations for prediction of peak oxygen uptake (VO 2peak ), the data associated were: fitness, age, body mass, height, resting heart rate, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia and smoking. After statistical analyses, two equations for men and two for women were developed. The complete equations showed an adjusted R 2 = 0.531 and a standard error of estimate (SEE) = 7.15 ml -1•kg -1•min for men and R 2 = 0.436 and SEE = 5.68 ml -1•kg -1•min for women. We conclude that the model developed for prediction of cardiorespiratory fitness is feasible and practical for prediction of VO 2peak in epidemiological studies or when CPET cannot be performed.

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Failure of predicted VO2peak to discriminate physical fitness in epidemiological studies

Cited by 56 publications

References 0 publications

Estimation of aerobic fitness among young men without exercise test

Estimation of aerobic fitness among young men without exercise test

Estimation of Maximal Oxygen Uptake without Exercise Testing in Korean Healthy Adult Workers

Equações de predição da aptidão cardiorrespiratória de adultos sem teste de exercícios físicos

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