Failure of transfer of passive immunity and agammaglobulinaemia in calves in south‐west <scp>V</scp>ictorian dairy herds: prevalence and risk factors

Vogels, Z; Chuck, GM; Morton, J. M.

doi:10.1111/avj.12025

Cited by 63 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The overall and mean (range) within-herd prevalences of FTPI were 41.9 and 36.2% (0.0-83.3%), respectively. Vogels et al (2013) estimated FTPI among 100 herds in southwest Victoria measuring serum total protein, also finding a high prevalence: 38% of calves experienced FTPI and more than two-thirds of the herds had more than 25% of calves with FTPI. Our survey found that 23.6% of respondents let calves suck colostrum from their dams and 71.6% separated calves from their dams >6 h after calving.…”

Section: Ftpi Prevalencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some studies have investigated colostrum quality parameters (Phipps et al, 2016;Chuck et al, 2017), 8353 the prevalence of failure of transfer of passive immunity (FTPI; Vogels et al, 2013), the prevalence of common enteropathogens causing neonatal calf diarrhea (NCD; Izzo et al, 2011b), and calf-rearing practices (Phipps et al, 2018) on Australian dairy farms. However, these studies were limited to a particular region and, to the authors' knowledge, no study has investigated these parameters together.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An investigation of dairy calf management practices, colostrum quality, failure of transfer of passive immunity, and occurrence of enteropathogens among Australian dairy farms

Abuelo

Havrlant²,

Wood

et al. 2019

Journal of Dairy Science

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Calf preweaning morbidity and mortality risks have been reported as high in several countries, with average values approximating 35 and 7%, respectively. However, limited data are available for calf morbidity and mortality risks on Australian dairy farms. The aims of this study were (1) to investigate current calf management practices on dairy farms in Australia and their association with herd-level morbidity and mortality using a questionnaire-based, cross-sectional study; and (2) to estimate the prevalence of common enteropathogens causing diarrhea, the failure of passive transfer of immunity, and poor colostrum quality in a sample of Australian dairy farms. We analyzed 106 completed questionnaires and samples from 23 farms (202 fecal, 253 calf serum, and 221 colostrum samples). Morbidity and mortality risks reported by farmers in preweaned heifers were 23.8 and 5.6%, respectively. These risks were above the Australian dairy industry targets in 75.5 and 66.7% of respondents. The zoonotic pathogens Cryptosporidium spp. and Salmonella spp. were the most prevalent enteropathogens, with a true prevalence of 40.9 and 25.2%, respectively. Salmonella O-group D was present in 67.9% of Salmonella-positive samples, followed by O-groups B (17.9%) and C (10.7%). Failure of transfer of passive immunity (IgG <10 g/L) was observed in 41.9% of calves (mean herd-level prevalence of 36.2%), and only 19.5% of colostrum samples met the standards for immunoglobulin content and microbiological quality. Collectively, these data indicate that there is still considerable room for improvement in calf-rearing practices on Australian dairy farms, particularly with regard to colostrum management and feeding hygiene.

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Section: Ftpi Prevalencementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An investigation of dairy calf management practices, colostrum quality, failure of transfer of passive immunity, and occurrence of enteropathogens among Australian dairy farms

Abuelo

Havrlant²,

Wood

et al. 2019

Journal of Dairy Science

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“…Calves that fail to ingest or absorb sufficient colostral IgG, resulting in a serum IgG concentration <1,000 mg/ dL, suffer from failure of transfer of passive immunity (FTPI; Vogels et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preliminary validation of a calf-side test for diagnosis of failure of transfer of passive immunity in dairy calves

Elsohaby

Keefe

2015

Journal of Dairy Science

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The objective of this study was to evaluate the utility of an initial version of a calf-side test (ZAPvet Bovine IgG test, ZBx Corp., Toronto, ON, Canada) for diagnosis of failure of transfer of passive immunity (FTPI) in dairy calves. Blood samples (n=202) were collected from calves from 1 to 11d of age. Serum IgG concentration was determined by radial immunodiffusion (RID) assay. The mean IgG concentration was 1,764±1,035mg/dL, with a range from 133 to 5,995mg/dL. The ZAPvet Bovine IgG test was used to assess FTPI (serum IgG <1,000mg/dL) and test characteristics were calculated. The number of samples that had FTPI from the RID assay and ZAPvet test was 55 and 96 samples, resulting in a true prevalence of 27% and an apparent prevalence of 47.5%, respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of the ZAPvet test were 0.82, 0.65, 0.47, and 0.91, respectively. The results of the ZAPvet test were derived from 2 observers, and the overall level of agreement between the results of the 2 observers was 84%, with a kappa value of 0.67. The ZAPvet Bovine IgG test showed good potential for further development as a cost-effective, rapid calf-side test for monitoring FTPI in dairy calves.

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“…3 It is also common practice to supplement the dairy calf with additional colostrum once the calf has been removed from the dam. 3 It is also common practice to supplement the dairy calf with additional colostrum once the calf has been removed from the dam.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3 It is also common practice to supplement the dairy calf with additional colostrum once the calf has been removed from the dam. 3 The process of obtaining colostrum for supplementing calves requires harvesting colostrum from the first milking post calving, storing the colostrum and then feeding it to the dairy calves. 3 Calves that were not supplemented with additional colostrum were 3-fold as likely to have failure of passive transfer (FPT).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors associated with colostrum immunoglobulin G concentration in northern‐Victorian dairy cows

Phipps

Beggs

Murray³

et al. 2017

Aust Veterinary J

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The majority of samples assessed were below industry standard. Herd, lactation number, calf suckling or cow leaking colostrum prior to harvesting and time between calving and colostrum harvesting were factors that influenced colostrum IgG concentration. The results support current industry recommendations of harvesting colostrum shortly after parturition (ideally within 12 h of calving) and testing the quality of all colostrum prior to feeding to dairy calves.

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Failure of transfer of passive immunity and agammaglobulinaemia in calves in south‐west Victorian dairy herds: prevalence and risk factors

Cited by 63 publications

References 24 publications

An investigation of dairy calf management practices, colostrum quality, failure of transfer of passive immunity, and occurrence of enteropathogens among Australian dairy farms

An investigation of dairy calf management practices, colostrum quality, failure of transfer of passive immunity, and occurrence of enteropathogens among Australian dairy farms

Preliminary validation of a calf-side test for diagnosis of failure of transfer of passive immunity in dairy calves

Factors associated with colostrum immunoglobulin G concentration in northern‐Victorian dairy cows

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