Failure sequence determination in sandwich structures using concurrent acoustic emission monitoring and postmortem thermography

Tabrizi, Isa Emami; Öz, Fatih E.; Zanjani, Jamal Seyyed Monfared; Mandal, Sefa Kemal; Yıldız, Mehmet

doi:10.1016/j.mechmat.2021.104113

Cited by 10 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 52 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…7 and the energy release of related AE hits using load-energy vs. displacement and load-cumulative energy vs. displacement curves, damage types were classified and presented in Table 2, from a lower frequency to a higher frequency as fiber breakage, matrix cracking, face sheet-core debonding, and core damage. Generally, fiber breakage in face sheets of sandwich composites and laminated composites corresponds to AE data having high-frequency values in the literature [14,15,17,19,23]; whereas, some other studies claim the opposite [24,25]. While several factors might affect the difference between the frequency outputs of the studies, specimen type (such as laminated composites and sandwich composites) and testing (i.e.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…6.c) graphs were plotted for each test specimen. Following that, k-means genetic algorithm was employed to increase the effectiveness and the reliability of the damage classification, creating four clusters analogous to previous studies conducted on sandwich composites [14,17,19,23,24]. Each of these four clusters specifies a damage type which are core damage, core-face sheet debonding, matrix cracking, and fiber breakage.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Damage Detection of CNT/CNC-reinforced Foam-cored Sandwich Composites by Acoustic Emission Tests under Flexural Load

Kucukkalfa

Ghaderiaram

Yıldız

et al. 2023

AIAA SCITECH 2023 Forum

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Sandwich composites stand out especially in the aerospace industry owing to their high strength-to-weight ratio, one of the most prominent factors for material selection. Polymeric foams as core material in sandwich composites are likely to prevent delamination between face sheets and core by augmenting the contact surface area, resulting from their closed-cell structure. Polymeric foam properties can be enhanced by adding nanomaterials such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs), however increased CNT content or the type of CNTs might arise critical problems such as agglomeration and irregular distribution of nanomaterials. Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) are claimed to be good candidates to prevent nanomaterial reinforcing related issues and further, their inclusion enables reinforcing of polymeric foams using an optimum CNT/CNC concentration. In this work, CNT/CNC reinforced polyurethane (PU) foam-cored sandwich composites were manufactured and characterized for the influence of nanomaterial addition on the mechanical properties with an aim to find the optimum nanomaterial content. 0.1 wt.% CNT, CNC, CNT/CNC (1:1), and CNT/CNC (1:2) reinforced PU foam-cored sandwich composites were subjected to simultaneous three-point bending tests and acoustic emission tests, one of the promising non-destructive testing methods enabling insitu monitoring of the damage mechanisms to understand how damage evolves. The effects of these nanomaterial additives on damage mechanisms and the mechanical properties were

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Damage Detection of CNT/CNC-reinforced Foam-cored Sandwich Composites by Acoustic Emission Tests under Flexural Load

Kucukkalfa

Ghaderiaram

Yıldız

et al. 2023

AIAA SCITECH 2023 Forum

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The delamination failure load is first determined based on the experimental data. Previous studies on different composite specimens under tensile loading [38][39][40] and flexural loading [46][47][48] revealed that acoustic emission data provided important evidences for determining various failure modes including delamination failure. The results of these studies showed that geometry, material, layup sequence, and sensor types affected the values of AE parameters of the failure modes but a significant conclusion was that a largescale delamination between plies caused significant load drops in load-displacement curves and also initiation of new AE clusters or groups or a stop in the recording of AE clusters or groups.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Failure behavior of laminated composite plates under anticlastic bending

Alpay

Öz

Sonmez

et al. 2022

Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this study, the failure behavior of laminated composite plates subjected to anticlastic bending is investigated. Anticlastic bending is a special case of bi-axial out-of-plane loading that produces predominantly twisting moment. A test fixture is designed to actualize anticlastic loading condition. Carbon-fiber-reinforced epoxy composite is selected as the material of the specimens. Totally nine different layup configurations are chosen and at least four specimens are tested for each configuration. Acoustic emission monitoring (AEM) is utilized to detect the first-ply-failure load and the accumulation of damage in the laminates. In this method, elastic waves resulting from initiation and progression of damage are detected, and then AE signals are processed to identify the failure modes and determine the first-ply-failure load. A finite element model is developed to simulate the anticlastic bending test. A code is developed using ANSYS parametric design language to predict the first-ply-failure loads using various failure criteria like Tsai–Wu, Hashin, and Puck. The experimental and numerical results are then compared. Relative strengths and weaknesses of the failure criteria in estimating failure of laminated composite plates under anticlastic bending are discussed.

show abstract

“…42 Characteristic parameters of peak frequency, amplitude and relative energy are used to characterize failure behavior of composite. [43][44][45] In the case of composite repair, AE technology also has important applications in the estimation of repair quality. 39,46 Shruthi et al 46 investigated damage mechanism and evolution process of laminates repaired by different hybrid patches under indentation load by using AE technology.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among them, AE technology analyzes the damage mechanism by detecting transient elastic waves generated by internal damage in the material 42 . Characteristic parameters of peak frequency, amplitude and relative energy are used to characterize failure behavior of composite 43–45 . In the case of composite repair, AE technology also has important applications in the estimation of repair quality 39,46 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Failure behavior and crashworthiness characteristic of repaired composites‐metal hybrid tubes by acoustic emission

Su,

Zhang,

et al. 2023

Polymer Composites

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this study, the transverse indentation test was applied to simulate the damage caused by impact to the carbon fiber‐reinforced plastics (CFRP)/Al hybrid tube, and composites patch repair technology was used to repair the hybrid tube with different damage degrees. The effects of width and ply‐number of the patch on failure behavior and crashworthiness under axial load were investigated. It was concluded that the technology can effectively reduce stress concentration around the indentation and then improve compressive strength. Increasing the ply‐number of the patch can mitigate the failure mode of med‐length collapse of the hybrid tube and can effectively improve the crashworthiness indicators. The optimal repair strategy increased energy absorption by 54.02% and mean crushing force by 53.66%. However, the improvement of failure behavior by the ply‐number is limited by patch width. Acoustic emission and infrared thermography technologies were used to further analyze the damage characteristics and damage evolution of the hybrid tubes in pre‐crushing stage. It was found that the crushing form of the middle collapse tended to produce a more intense acoustic emission response and higher temperature change than that of the end crushing. In engineering practice, it provides a valuable reference for the reasonable repair of composite tubular structures and their hybrid structures.Highlights Composite repair technology is used for the repair of CFRP/Al hybrid tubes. The effects of ply‐number and width of patch on repair quality are studied. The technology can effectively improve residual crashworthiness of structure. The improvement of failure behavior by ply‐number is limited by patch width. The damage behavior of various crushing forms can be revealed by AE and IR.

show abstract

Failure sequence determination in sandwich structures using concurrent acoustic emission monitoring and postmortem thermography

Cited by 10 publications

References 52 publications

Damage Detection of CNT/CNC-reinforced Foam-cored Sandwich Composites by Acoustic Emission Tests under Flexural Load

Damage Detection of CNT/CNC-reinforced Foam-cored Sandwich Composites by Acoustic Emission Tests under Flexural Load

Failure behavior of laminated composite plates under anticlastic bending

Failure behavior and crashworthiness characteristic of repaired composites‐metal hybrid tubes by acoustic emission

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About