Failure to detect MERS‐CoV RNA in urine of naturally infected dromedary camels

Farag, Elmoubasher; Haagmans, Bart L.; Al-Romaihi, Hamad Eid; Mohran, Khaled A.; Haroun, Mohammed; El‐Sayed, Ahmed M.; Al-Hajri, Mohammed; Reusken, Chantal

doi:10.1111/zph.12583

Cited by 10 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, little is still known about the mechanism of transmission of MERS-CoV from the dromedary camels to humans. The roles of some camel secretions and excretions in the context of the MERS-CoV infection have been studied [ 5 , 13 , 15 ]. Our results show that about 11% of the tested nasal swabs were positive during the first batch of the collection, while none of the breath samples was positive ( Table 1 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Detection of the MERS-CoV-RNAs of identical sequences from the owner and the herders of this particular herd was also reported [ 5 , 6 ]. However, some other studies failed to detect the virus in the urine of some infected animals [ 15 ]. Earlier studies succeeded in the detection of the MERS-CoV nucleic acids in the air circulated by an infected camel herd as well as in the people of close contact of this particular herd [ 5 , 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus in the breath of some infected dromedary camels (Camelus dromedarius)

et al. 2020

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Dromedary camels remain the currently identified reservoir for the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV). The virus is released in the secretions of the infected camels, especially the nasal tract. The virus shedding curve through the nasal secretions was studied. Although human transmission of the virus through the respiratory tract of close contact people with dromedary reported previously, the exact mechanism of transmission is still largely unknown. The main goal of this study was to check the possibility of MERS-CoV shedding in the exhaled air of the infected camels. To achieve this goal, we conducted a follow-up study in one of the dromedary camel herds, December 2018–April 2019. We tested nasal swabs, breath samples from animals within this herd by the real-time PCR. Our results showed that some of the tested nasal swabs and breath were positive from 24 March 2019 until 7 April 2019. The phylogenetic analysis of the obtained S and N gene sequences revealed the detected viruses are clustering together with some human and camel samples from the eastern region, especially from Al-Hufuf city, as well as some samples from Qatar and Jordon. These results are clearly showing the possibility of shedding of the virus in the breath of the infected camels. This could explain, at least in part, the mechanism of transmission of MERS-CoV from animals to humans. This study is confirming the shedding of MERS-CoV in the exhaled air of the infected camels. Further studies are needed for a better understanding of the MERS-CoV.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus in the breath of some infected dromedary camels (Camelus dromedarius)

et al. 2020

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“… 156 159 Although it has been postulated that drinking camel milk is one of the key sources of infection in the Arabian peninsula, a study found no MERS-CoV in the urine of naturally infected camels. 160 …”

Section: Mers and Camel Connectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus

Al‐Tawfiq

Memish

2020

Semin Respir Crit Care Med

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AbstractEmerging infectious diseases continue to be of a significant importance worldwide with the potential to cause major outbreaks and global pandemics. In 2002, the world had witnessed the appearance of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus in China which disappeared abruptly within 6 months. About a decade later, a new and emerging novel coronavirus named the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) was described in a patient from Saudi Arabia. These two coronaviruses shared multiple similarities in the epidemiology, clinical presentations, and posed challenges in its prevention and management. Seven years since its discovery, MERS-CoV continues to be a lethal zoonotic pathogen capable of causing severe pneumonia with high case fatality rates and the ability to cause large health care-associated outbreaks.

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“…However, there is a discrepancy about the shedding of the virus in the body secretions of dromedary camels such as urine and milk. MERS‐CoV has not been isolated from urine, faeces nor milk of dromedaries, and recent studies showed that no viral nucleic acids were detected in the urine of positive MERS‐CoV camels (Farag et al., 2019). It was shown that MERS‐CoV can still be detected and survived in the camel milk for a prolonged time under experimental conditions (van Doremalen, Bushmaker, Karesh, & Munster, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus in dromedary camel’s seminal plasma in Saudi Arabia 2015–2017

Hemida

Waheed

Ali

et al. 2020

Transbound. Emerg. Dis.

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Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus was first identified in Saudi Arabia in late 2012 (Zaki, van Boheemen, Bestebroer, Osterhaus, & Fouchier, 2012). Since that time, there are reports of human cases, not only in Saudi Arabia but also in other countries in the Arabian Gulf area, such as UAE, Qatar and Oman. As of now, there are 2,468 MERS-CoV human cases reported from 27 countries around the world (WHO, 2019) with a case fatality rate of 34%(WHO, 2019). Dromedary camels are the main animal reservoir for MERS-CoV (Hemida et al., 2014). Camel to human transmission was reported in many cases (Azhar, El-Kafrawy, et al., 2014; Azhar, Hashem, et al., 2014). Dromedary camels shed the virus, especially in their nasal secretions (Hemida et al., 2014). However, there is a discrepancy about the shedding of the virus in the body secretions of dromedary camels such as urine and milk. MERS-CoV has not been isolated from urine, faeces nor milk of dromedaries, and recent studies showed that no viral nucleic acids were detected in the urine of positive MERS-CoV camels (Farag et al., 2019). It was shown that MERS-CoV can still be detected and survived in the camel milk for a prolonged time under experimental conditions (van Doremalen, Bushmaker, Karesh, & Munster, 2014). One study reported the detection of MERS-CoV-RNAs in the milk of some positive animals. This highlights the potential of a possible shedding of the virus in the milk of the infected animals (Reusken et al., 2014). However, this may be hampered by the milk collection technique and the possibility of faecal contamination to the camel udder

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Failure to detect MERS‐CoV RNA in urine of naturally infected dromedary camels

Cited by 10 publications

References 15 publications

The Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus in the breath of some infected dromedary camels (Camelus dromedarius)

The Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus in the breath of some infected dromedary camels (Camelus dromedarius)

Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus

Detection of the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus in dromedary camel’s seminal plasma in Saudi Arabia 2015–2017

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