Failure to utilize feedback causes decision-making deficits among excessive Internet gamers

Yao, Yuan‐Wei; Chen, Pin‐Ru; Chang, Chia‐Hung; Wang, Lingjiao; Zhang, Jintao; Xue, Gui; Deng, Linyuan; Liu, Qinxue; Yip, Sarah W.; Fang, Xiaoyi

doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2014.06.033

Cited by 40 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…These results broadly parallel our previous study in IGD (Yao et al, 2015) and other findings obtained among individuals with pathological gambling (Brevers et al, 2012) and alcohol dependence (Brevers et al, 2014), suggesting that possible shared alterations in decision-making among individuals with IGD and with other addiction-related disorders. These findings provide additional support to the notion that individuals with IGD have deficits in decision-making under risk (Dong et al, 2013;Lin et al, 2015;Pawlikowski and Brand, 2011;Yao et al, 2014).…”

Section: Decision-makingsupporting

confidence: 67%

“…Inclusion criteria for IGD subjects were (1) a score of 67 or higher on the CIAS (Ko et al, 2009); (2) engagement in Internet gaming (all IGD subjects in this study played Defense of the Ancient, a multiplayer online battle arena for the Warcraft III and one of the most popular multiplayer Internet games) for over 14 h per week for a minimum of one year; and (3) reporting of Internet gaming as their primary online activity (Yao et al, 2014(Yao et al, , 2015. Inclusion criteria for HC subjects were: (1) a score of 50 or lower on the CIAS; and (2) less than 2 h per week spent on Internet games (non-gamers also included).…”

Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, researchers have found that individuals with IGD demonstrate decision-making deficits under risk (when explicit information about probabilities and future outcomes are available) using different paradigms (Dong et al, 2013;Lin et al, 2015;Pawlikowski and Brand, 2011;Yao et al, 2014Yao et al, , 2015. However, whether individuals with IGD also have impairments in decision-making under ambiguity (when probabilities can only be estimated based on outcomes) is still under debate (Ko et al, 2010;Sun et al, 2009;Xu, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impaired decision-making under risk is associated with gaming-specific inhibition deficits among college students with Internet gaming disorder

Yao

Wang

Yip

et al. 2015

Psychiatry Research

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Section: Decision-makingsupporting

confidence: 67%

Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impaired decision-making under risk is associated with gaming-specific inhibition deficits among college students with Internet gaming disorder

Yao

Wang

Yip

et al. 2015

Psychiatry Research

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“…IGD is characterized as excessive internet gaming, despite negative psychological and social consequences, and is listed as a putative non-substance addiction in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 5 (DSM-5) (15). Recent studies have linked IGD to disrupted function in brain reward circuitry (16), associated with abnormal sensitivity to reinforcement values (17) and impaired use of negative feedback to adjust ongoing behavior (18, 19). Addiction-related alterations in the interconnections between different brain systems have been observed, not only for those involved in reward processing, but also for those associated with emotional and executive control (10, 20, 21).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Internet Game Overuse Is Associated With an Alteration of Fronto-Striatal Functional Connectivity During Reward Feedback Processing

Kim

Kang

2018

Front. Psychiatry

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Internet gaming disorder is associated with abnormal reward processing in the reward circuit, which is known to interact with other brain regions during feedback learning. Kim et al. (1) observed that individuals with internet game overuse (IGO) exhibit altered behavior and neural activity for non-monetary reward, but not for monetary reward. Here, we extend our analysis of IGO to the functional connectivity of the reward network. Functional MRI data were obtained during a stimulus-response association learning task from 18 young males with IGO and 20 age-matched controls, where either monetary or non-monetary rewards were given as positive feedback for a correct response. Group differences in task-dependent functional connectivity were examined for the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) and ventral striatum (VS), which are known for reward evaluation and hedonic response processing, respectively, using a generalized form of the psychophysiological interaction approach. For non-monetary reward processing, no differences in functional connectivity were found. In contrast, for monetary reward, connectivity of the vmPFC with the left caudate nucleus was weaker for the IGO group relative to controls, while vmPFC connectivity with the right nucleus accumbens (NAcc) was elevated. The strength of vmPFC-NAcc functional connectivity appeared to be behaviorally relevant, because individuals with stronger vmPFC-NAcc connectivity showed lower learning rates for monetary reward. In addition, the IGO group showed weaker ventral striatum functional connectivity with various brain regions, including the right ventrolateral prefrontal cortex, dorsal anterior cingulate regions, and left pallidum. Thus, for monetary reward, the IGO group exhibited stronger functional connectivity within the brain regions involved in motivational salience, whereas they showed reduced functional connectivity the widely distributed brain areas involved in learning or attention. These differences in functional connectivity of reward networks, along with related behavioral impairments of reward learning, suggest that internet gaming disorder is associated with the increased incentive salience or “wanting” of addiction disorders, and may serve as the neurobiological mechanisms underlying the impaired goal-directed behavior.

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“…For example, in a typical gambling task with a monetary reward that required participants to choose a card from four decks of cards to win as much money as possible, individuals with PIU performed worse than age-matched controls when choosing decks of cards associated with a smaller but long-term gain over those associated with a bigger gain but long-term loss [6]. Similarly, individuals with PIU showed a marked preference toward a risky option that was associated with a bigger gain, despite its low winning probability [7,11]. These behavioral results suggest that individuals with PIU may be more sensitive to gaining a monetary reward, and yet less sensitive to avoiding monetary loss or punishment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered Neural Activity in the Anterior and Posterior Insula in Individuals with Problematic Internet Use

et al. 2015

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Background: Individuals with problematic Internet use (PIU) are known to experience increased craving for immediate monetary reward despite long-term negative consequences. What remains unclear is whether their sensitivity to monetary loss is altered. We investigated neural alterations in brain regions involved in the anticipation of a monetary reward and loss avoidance in order to advance our understanding of the characteristics of PIU. Methods: A total of 11 adults with PIU and 22 age-matched controls participated in this functional magnetic resonance imaging study. Inside the scanner, participants performed a monetary incentive learning task during which they chose one of two fractal stimuli associated with monetary gain (reward trials) or avoidance of monetary loss (avoidance trials). Results: We found that, relative to controls, activity in the posterior insula during reward anticipation was greater in participants with PIU, whereas its activity during avoidance anticipation was reduced. No group differences in activation were found during reception phases. Conclusions: Given the roles of the posterior insula in the cortical representation of somatosensory arousal, our results suggest that individuals with PIU may experience more elaborate somatosensory arousal during the anticipation of monetary reward and yet experience less elaborate somatosensory arousal during the anticipation of loss avoidance compared with typical controls.

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Failure to utilize feedback causes decision-making deficits among excessive Internet gamers

Cited by 40 publications

References 38 publications

Impaired decision-making under risk is associated with gaming-specific inhibition deficits among college students with Internet gaming disorder

Impaired decision-making under risk is associated with gaming-specific inhibition deficits among college students with Internet gaming disorder

Internet Game Overuse Is Associated With an Alteration of Fronto-Striatal Functional Connectivity During Reward Feedback Processing

Altered Neural Activity in the Anterior and Posterior Insula in Individuals with Problematic Internet Use

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