Fair-ZNS: Enhancing Fairness in ZNS SSDs Through Self-Balancing I/O Scheduling

Tan, Zhenhua; Shen, Yan; Long, Linbo; Liu, Duo

doi:10.1109/tcad.2022.3232997

Cited by 8 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…In a system where multiple clients/tenants share storage, fairness is achieved when all clients receive an equal share of bandwidth, typically set at 1/N [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34]. In other words, if the I/O operations of multiple clients are processed simultaneously and each client experiences an equal reduction in performance, the system is considered fair.…”

Section: Fairness Of I/o Servicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…OctoFAS mitigates I/O latency spikes by introducing inter-core scheduling, addressing the inherent problems caused by per-core event loop design in SPDK. On the other hand, research on fairness, much like load balancing, has been extensively conducted in various fields, particularly in multi-tenant cloud environments [23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34]. However, there has been a lack of research on fairness within the context of storage solutions structured through SPDK and SPDK-based network storage system.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

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OctoFAS: A Two-Level Fair Scheduler That Increases Fairness in Network-Based Key-Value Storage

Park,

Park

et al. 2024

Electronics

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We identified a fairness problem in a network-based key-value storage system using Intel Storage Performance Development Kit (SPDK) in a multitenant environment. In such an environment, each tenant’s I/O service rate is not fairly guaranteed compared to that of other tenants. To address the fairness problem, we propose OctoFAS, a two-level fair scheduler designed to improve overall throughput and fairness among tenants. The two-level scheduler of OctoFAS consists of (i) inter-core scheduling and (ii) intra-core scheduling. Through inter-core scheduling, OctoFAS addresses the load imbalance problem that is inherent in SPDK on the storage server by dynamically migrating I/O requests from overloaded cores to underloaded cores, thereby increasing overall throughput. Intra-core scheduling prioritizes handling requests from starving tenants over well-fed tenants within core-specific event queues to ensure fair I/O services among multiple tenants. OctoFAS is deployed on a Linux cluster with SPDK. Through extensive evaluations, we found that OctoFAS ensures that the total system throughput remains high and balanced, while enhancing fairness by approximately 10% compared to the baseline, when both scheduling levels operate in a hybrid fashion.

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