Most authoritarian regimes justify their rule based on economic performance. Yet, scholars are skeptical that authoritarian propaganda can increase performance evaluations. Through a case study of Turkey, combining qualitative, cross-sectional, and experimental analysis, this paper demonstrates that narrative-based economic propaganda can help electoral authoritarian regimes to preserve their support base even under difficult economic conditions. A national developmentalist narrative is central to the economic propaganda of Erdogan’s regime. I demonstrate that the belief in this narrative is widespread among regime voters, and it is strongly related to watching pro-regime media. The exposure to the developmentalist narrative improves economic evaluations among regime voters while also evoking partisan emotions. However, I do not find any effect of this narrative on other voters, demonstrating that narrative-based propaganda cannot help the regime to broaden its support base. This study contributes to the development of a cultural perspective on public opinion formation under authoritarian regimes.