Faktor-Faktor Risiko Yang Berhubungan Dengan Kejadian Luar Biasa Difteri Di Negara Berkembang

Rintani, Aderia; Mintarsih, Tita; Muliawan, Yosef Muhammad Rachman Baniaz; Siregar, Juli Sapitri; Widodo, Adhy Prasetyo

doi:10.26553/jikm.2018.9.2.83-95

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…5 Despite this, it remains a public health issue in developing countries, where there is poor coverage of the WHO Expanded Program on Immunization. 9 India and other countries in Southeast Asia have contributed the bulk of the increasing incidence globally. 6 The incidence of diphtheria is underreported in Africa.…”

Section: Epidemiology Of Diphtheria In Nigeriamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It had been essentially eliminated after the widespread introduction of the diphtheria toxoid vaccine in the mid‐20th century, especially in developed countries 5 . Despite this, it remains a public health issue in developing countries, where there is poor coverage of the WHO Expanded Program on Immunization 9 . India and other countries in Southeast Asia have contributed the bulk of the increasing incidence globally 6 …”

Section: Epidemiology Of Diphtheria In Nigeriamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recurrent diphtheria outbreaks in Nigeria: A review of the underlying factors and remedies

Abdulrasheed,

Lawal,

Mogaji

et al. 2023

Immunity Inflam & Disease

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IntroductionThe introduction of the diphtheria−tetanus−pertussis (DTP) vaccine into childhood immunization programs resulted in its widespread elimination in high‐income countries. However, Nigeria is currently experiencing an outbreak. The primary cause of diphtheria outbreaks and its high mortality rates in Nigeria was waning herd immunity due to low DTP coverage and a lack of diphtheria antitoxin (DAT), respectively. However, the underlying causes of Nigeria's low DTP coverage and DAT supply remain unknown.MethodRelevant studies and reports included in our review were obtained by a search through Google Scholar, PubMed, and organization websites using the terms “Diphtheria−Pertussis−Tetanus vaccine OR Diphtheria antitoxin and Nigeria OR Diphtheria Outbreak.” All articles considering diphtheria outbreaks, DTP vaccine, and DAT supply in Nigeria were considered without time restriction due to the paucity of data. We used the narrative synthesis approach to critically appraise, analyze, and draw inferences from the selected articles.ResultsThe main causes of low DTP coverage are insufficient supply, an inefficient cold chain system, and low uptake due to poor health literacy and negative sociocultural and religious beliefs, whereas the key barriers to DAT availability are insufficient production by pharmaceutical industries because of low demand and priority.ConclusionThe underlying causes of Nigeria's low DTP coverage and DAT supply are multifactorial. Both short‐term and long‐term measures are needed to control this outbreak and prevent future occurrences.

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Section: Epidemiology Of Diphtheria In Nigeriamentioning

confidence: 99%