Fallopia japonica, an increasingly intractable weed problem in the UK: Can fungi help cut through this Gordian knot?

Kurose, Daisuke; Renals, Trevor; Shaw, Richard; Furuya, Naruto; Takagi, Masami; Evans, H. C.

doi:10.1016/j.mycol.2006.07.021

Cited by 15 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Surveys in the Japanese endemic range revealed a guild of specialised natural enemies which can severely reduce the vigour and change the population dynamics of F. japonica (Kurose et al 2006). In particular, two fungal agents, the rust fungus, Puccinia polygoni-amphibii var.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endophytic fungi associated with Fallopia japonica (Polygonaceae) in Japan and their interactions with Puccinia polygoni-amphibii var. tovariae, a candidate for classical biological control

et al. 2012

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endophytic fungi associated with Fallopia japonica (Polygonaceae) in Japan and their interactions with Puccinia polygoni-amphibii var. tovariae, a candidate for classical biological control

et al. 2012

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“…Fallopia Japonica (FJ) is one type of fast-growing perennial herbaceous biomass which is easily found on the road side, near the river, or in unused landscape [28][29][30]. This kind of biomass is classified as non-commelinid fibrous magnoliophyta biomass which has high content of lignin and intermediate content of cellulose, hemicellulose, total soluble sugars, protein, and mineral compounds [31].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Steam reforming of tar derived from Fallopia Japonica stem over its own chars prepared at different conditions

Widayatno

Guan

Rizkiana

et al. 2014

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In order to understand the promoting effect of char in different states on the steam reforming of biomass-derived tar during the gasification process, Fallopia Japonica stem (FJS) chars were prepared at different pyrolysis temperatures with different pyrolysis time, and used as the catalyst for the reforming of tar derived from FJS itself in a fixed-bed reactor. As-prepared FJS chars were characterized using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Fourier Transform Infra Red spectroscopy (FT-IR), and Brunauer-Emmet-Teller (BET) surface area measurement for clarifying the relationship between the promoting effect and the physical and chemical structures of the char. It was found that BET surface area, chemical structure, and the contents of alkaline and alkaline earth metals (AAEM) in the char, which were obviously affected by pyrolysis temperature and time, had significant effect on char reactivity as well as the catalytic activity on tar reforming. The char obtained at lower temperature (<700 C) had lower BET surface area but higher active chemical components, thus showed higher gasification reactivity but lower promoting property on tar reforming. With the increase of BET surface area, the reactivity of char itself decreased at first due to the decrease of active chemical components, and then increased to some extent due to the increase in BET surface area. On the contrary, the promoting effect of char on the tar reforming 3 increased at first and then decreased due to the decrease of AAEM species in the char and the shrinkage of old larger pores in char which could hinder the contact between FJS-derived tar and char.

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“…In Japan, this species occurs from sea level to mountain tops where it is a pioneering colonizer of disturbed volcanic habitats, as well as of riparian ecosystems (Zhou et al 2003;Kurose et al 2006). It can also be found in urban and agricultural situations; along roadsides and railways; on embankments in rice fi elds and in orchards; but it is only rarely described as invasive or troublesome (Makino 2000;Kurose et al 2006).…”

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“…japonica -with a natural range restricted to southern Honshu, Kyushu and Shikoku Islands -that has become weedy and invasive (Kurose et al 2006). This invasiveness has become especially problematic in Europe and North America, imposing a signifi cant fi nancial burden on urban developers and on land, water, and transport managers alike, as well as posing a threat to biodiversity.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…In such situations, fl ooding risks are increased as the monocultures die back in winter, exposing river banks to erosion. Japanese knotweed has been described as the most feared plant in the British Isles (Mabey 1998), and an offi cial study by the UK Governments Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) has estimated that it would cost upward of £1.5 billion to bring this weed under control in the UK alone (Kurose et al 2006). In Germany, annual costs for knotweed control and subsequent restoration of waterways and watercourses have been put at almost 330 million; yearly control along only 1% of the total railway system has been calculated at 32.4million (Reinhardt et al 2003).…”

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Systematics of Mycosphaerella species associated with the invasive weed Fallopia japonica, including the potential biological control agent M. polygoni-cuspidati

et al. 2009

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Native to Japan, Fallopia japonica, most frequently referred to as Japanese knotweed, is a highly problematic invasive weed, particularly in the UK and North America. During surveys for natural enemies of this plant in Japan, two species of Mycosphaerella were collected. One of these was identifi ed as M. polygoni-cuspidati, and is redescribed and neotypifi ed. Causing a damaging leaf spot disease of F. japonica throughout its natural range in Japan, it is absent from the host's exotic range. The restriction of M. polygoni-cuspidati to F. japonica in its center of origin, together with its severe impact on host fi tness, indicates that this is a coevolved natural enemy with high potential as a classical biological control agent for the long-term management of this ecologically and economically important weed. In the fi eld, the fungus has a reduced life cycle, with only spermogonia and pseudothecia (ascomata) being formed. Ascospores are the primary source of infection, and studies show that the mycelium from in vitro cultures is also infective and hyphae penetrate mainly via the stomata. A further, undescribed species of Mycosphaerella co-occurs with M. polygoni-cuspidati, here proposed as the new species M. shimabarensis. Both species have been studied using cultural, morphological and molecular phylogenetic methods.

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Fallopia japonica, an increasingly intractable weed problem in the UK: Can fungi help cut through this Gordian knot?

Cited by 15 publications

References 7 publications

Endophytic fungi associated with Fallopia japonica (Polygonaceae) in Japan and their interactions with Puccinia polygoni-amphibii var. tovariae, a candidate for classical biological control

Endophytic fungi associated with Fallopia japonica (Polygonaceae) in Japan and their interactions with Puccinia polygoni-amphibii var. tovariae, a candidate for classical biological control

Steam reforming of tar derived from Fallopia Japonica stem over its own chars prepared at different conditions

Systematics of Mycosphaerella species associated with the invasive weed Fallopia japonica, including the potential biological control agent M. polygoni-cuspidati

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