Falls and Fall Prevention in Elderly People: Summary of Recent Reviews

Sakita, Masahiro; Murakami, Shinichiro; Saito, Takafumi; Kumagai, Shuzo

doi:10.9759/hppt.4.161

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Elderly people (aged 65 years and older) in USA and Japan fall approximately 30% and 20% each year, respectively. [ 20 ] Spinal deformity, which limits the activities of daily living and impairs the quality of life, is also considered an the important cause of falls. that a loss of lumbar lordosis, an increase in spinal inclination, and a postural imbalance were significantly higher in subjects with falls than in those without falls.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of early vertebroplasty with risk of hip replacement

Tang

et al. 2020

Medicine

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Studies show that vertebral fractures could predict the risk of hip fractures. We aimed to evaluate the potential benefits of whether the timing of vertebroplasty (VP) for vertebral fracture associated with the risk of hip fracture for hip replacement. We identified 142,782 patients from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Database with thoracolumbar vertebral fracture (International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification:805.2–805.9) who were followed up from 2000 to 2013. These patients were divided into those who underwent VP (VP group) (International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification : 78.49) within 3 months and those who did not (non-VP group). After adjusting for the confounding factors, the Cox proportional hazards analysis was used to estimate the effect of early VP on reducing the risk of hip fracture. The difference in the risk of hip replacement, between the VP group and non-VP group was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method with the log-rank test. In the 14-year follow-up, the cumulative incidence rate of hip replacement in the VP group was lower than that in the non-VP group (0.362% and 0.533%, respectively, long-rank P < .001). There was a significant difference between the 2 groups since the first-year follow-up. Our study showed that early VP performed to avoid progression of the kyphotic changes following thoracolumbar vertebral fracture may reduce the risk of hip fracture. These results, obtained from retrospective data, indicate that a prospective study is warranted.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of early vertebroplasty with risk of hip replacement

Tang

et al. 2020

Medicine

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“…Worldwide, it is estimated that about 30% of people aged over 65 years will fall at least once per year [ 2 ]. This proportion depends on the country and world region; for example, in Japan, approximately 20% of the elderly population will fall at least once per year [ 3 ], whereas in Malaysia the percentage increases to 32.8% [ 4 ]. Although this trend might be caused by a difference in the methods for surveying falls, it is thought that the difference in the fall incidence might be caused by dietary and lifestyle habits, which are also related with a higher life expectancy [ 5 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inertial Sensor-Based Instrumented Cane for Real-Time Walking Cane Kinematics Estimation

Fernandez

Ahmad

Wada

2020

Sensors

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Falls are among the main causes of injuries in elderly individuals. Balance and mobility impairment are major indicators of fall risk in this group. The objective of this research was to develop a fall risk feedback system that operates in real time using an inertial sensor-based instrumented cane. Based on inertial sensor data, the proposed system estimates the kinematics (contact phase and orientation) of the cane. First, the contact phase of the cane was estimated by a convolutional neural network. Next, various algorithms for the cane orientation estimation were compared and validated using an optical motion capture system. The proposed cane contact phase prediction model achieved higher accuracy than the previous models. In the cane orientation estimation, the Madgwick filter yielded the best results overall. Finally, the proposed system was able to estimate both the contact phase and orientation in real time in a single-board computer.

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“…Even though elderly fall rates vary depending on the country, e.g. 20% in Japan (Sakita et al, 2015) or 32.8% in Malaysia (Kioh & Rashid, 2018), falls pose a great risk for the elderly. It is estimated that falls are the cause of over 400,000 deaths worldwide every year and over 50% of those fallers were aged 60 years or older (Jagnoor et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Linear Regression Technique for Improvement of Feet Position Estimation during Standing Balance Using a Cane with Millimeter Wave Radar

Fernandez

Kitagawa

Rahman

et al. 2020

JST

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It is estimated that one in three seniors fall at least once a year. Falls are a global problem for the elderly that affects their quality of life and poses a great risk. In our research, we are trying to develop a system that could prevent falls by estimating the fall risk in real time. The system would measure the balance of the user by measuring the position of the Center of Gravity inside the Base of Support. In our previous research, we presented a system with a millimeter wave radar attached to a cane to measure the area of the Base of Support. However, the obtained results for the foot position estimation error were significantly worse than similar studies. One of the reasons was that the sensor was not really estimating the position of the feet but the position of the lower legs. Therefore, in this research we present a correction model to improve the feet position estimation. The proposed model was able to reduce the foot position estimation RMSE from 54 mm down to 34 mm, which is closer to the results of other similar studies measuring the position of the feet.

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Falls and Fall Prevention in Elderly People: Summary of Recent Reviews

Cited by 5 publications

References 28 publications

Association of early vertebroplasty with risk of hip replacement

Association of early vertebroplasty with risk of hip replacement

Inertial Sensor-Based Instrumented Cane for Real-Time Walking Cane Kinematics Estimation

Linear Regression Technique for Improvement of Feet Position Estimation during Standing Balance Using a Cane with Millimeter Wave Radar

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