Falls and fear of falling among older adults in an assisted-living facility: A qualitative and foundational study for intervention development in a developing country

Okoye, Emmanuel Ikechukwu; Akosile, Christopher Olusanjo; Maruf, Fatai Adesina; Onwuakagba, Ifeoma Uchenna; Mgbeojedo, Ukamaka Gloria

doi:10.1016/j.archger.2021.104375

Cited by 11 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…This study was designed to determine the levels and interrelationships between fear of falling, PA, general self-efficacy, and perceived social support among community-dwelling Nigerian older adult population. This is necessitated by the fact that having in-depth knowledge about associated factors of fear of falling and physical inactivity is a prerequisite for development of interventions for tackling these problems ( Okoye et al, 2021 ). Participants in this study exhibited high level and prevalence of fear of falling.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fear of falling is one of the mostly reported predictor of physical inactivity among older adults ( Akosile et al, 2021 ; Matsuda et al, 2020 ; Sawa et al, 2020 ). It is highly prevalent and deleterious among older adults, and has adverse physical, cognitive, social, behavioural, psychological, family, medical and economic consequences in this group ( Makino et al, 2018 ; Okoye et al, 2021 ). Fear of falling can lead to fall, reduced quality of life, social isolation, loss of balance confidence, avoidance of daily activities, anxiety and depression, institutionalization and so on ( Beauvais & Beauvais, 2014 ; Denkinger et al, 2015 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Social Support, General Self-Efficacy, Fear of Falling, and Physical Activity Among Older Adults in a Middle-Income Country

Okoye

Onwuakagba

Akile

et al. 2022

Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine

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Objectives: To investigate the levels and interrelationships between fear of falling (FOF), physical activity (PA), social support (SS), and general self-efficacy (GSE) among older adults in a Nigerian community. Methods: This was a cross-sectional survey involving 100 older adults (65.0% females; mean age = 74.25 ± 8.01 years) consecutively recruited from Nnewi community. Participants’ FOF, PA, GSE, and SS were assessed using standardized questionnaires. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Spearman rank order correlation, and structural equation modeling at a 0.05 level of significance. Results: The participants’ mean FOF, PA, GSE, and SS scores were 15.22 ± 7.43 (fearful), 114.76 ± 90.18 (low), 21.64 ± 8.25 (low) and 5.72 ± 1.19 (high) respectively. There were significant correlations between each pair of FOF, PA, GSE, and SS scores of the participants ( p < .05). FOF and GSE were significant predictors of PA while GSE and SS were significant predictors of FOF. Conclusion: FOF and SS were high while PA and GSE were low in this sample of Nigerian older adults. Significant correlations existed between FOF, SS, GSE, and PA, with FOF and GSE being predictors of PA while GSE and SS significantly predicted FOF. Measures should be geared towards reducing FOF and improving PA, GSE, and SS in this group.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social Support, General Self-Efficacy, Fear of Falling, and Physical Activity Among Older Adults in a Middle-Income Country

Okoye

Onwuakagba

Akile

et al. 2022

Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine

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“…A separate focus group discussion was conducted for each group of the assisted-living older adults and their caregivers. The results detailing the risk factors of falls and FOF in the assisted-living facility has been previously published (Okoye et al, 2021). The interview was guided by an interview guide developed from extensive search of literature.…”

Section: Data Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the fact that falls, FOF and their risk factors vary in the contexts of environments (Clemson et al, 2008), cultural beliefs (Okoye et al, 2021) and socio-demographics (Center for Disease and Prevention, 2017;Ngamsangiam & Suttanon, 2020) of older adults has made an intervention developed for use in a particular setting to have limited usability in another setting (Kumar et al, 2016). For instance, risk factors for falls and FOF in Nigeria, a low/middle-income country, has been reported to include muddy terrains, smoke fumes from kitchen, poorly lit environment at night, littering environment with refuse, illiteracy and misconception, and so on (Okoye et al, 2021;unpublished data). In addition, falls and FOF are worsened among the Igbos (especially adult males), one of the three major ethnic groups in Nigeria due to their being culturally reluctant to accept being fearful in order to avoid being labelled as weaklings (Okoye et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For instance, risk factors for falls and FOF in Nigeria, a low/middle-income country, has been reported to include muddy terrains, smoke fumes from kitchen, poorly lit environment at night, littering environment with refuse, illiteracy and misconception, and so on (Okoye et al, 2021;unpublished data). In addition, falls and FOF are worsened among the Igbos (especially adult males), one of the three major ethnic groups in Nigeria due to their being culturally reluctant to accept being fearful in order to avoid being labelled as weaklings (Okoye et al, 2021). These highlighted risk factors might be less important or even completely irrelevant in precipitating falls and FOF in high-income countries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Educational Intervention Guidelines For Falls And Fear Of Falling For Older Adults: a Low-Income Country’s Perspective

et al. 2021

Self Cite

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Falls and fear of falling (FOF) are very pervasive and debilitating problems among older adults globally. Their occurrence, expression and risk factors vary considerably across environments, cultures, races and socio-demographics. Therefore, there is need for availability of culturally-and environmentally-specific interventions to tackle them. However, there is hardly any fall and FOF intervention that is tailormade to suit older adults in middle/low-income countries. To develop educational intervention guideline for addressing falls and FOF in an African context. This was a qualitative study involving older adults (≥ 65 years) with significant FOF (as measured on the Short Falls Efficacy Scale International) and their caregivers purposively recruited from conveniently selected semi-urban community and assistedliving facility in South-east Nigeria. Data were analyzed using General Inductive Approach. Using the results as a guide, local content and information from literature were used to develop an environment-specific intervention protocol for addressing FOF and falls. The drafted intervention guideline was then pilot-tested on ten older adults using adaptive design. Risks of falls and FOF were elevated among sampled older adults by unhealthy environments, habits and behaviours/dispositions, poverty, nonchalance and misconceptions probably due to ignorance. The guideline was well-accepted by the older adults. An environment-and cultural-specific intervention protocol for addressing FOF and falls among older adults in a low/middleincome country has been made available. The protocol was well-accepted by the older adults and should be used by clinicians and public health experts to tackle falls and FOF in this group. Key Points•Falls and fear of falling (FOF) have very debilitating effects on older adults.•Available interventions against falls and FOF are from high-income countries and may have limited usability in low/middle-income countries.•A feasible and setting-specific intervention guideline against falls and FOF in an African context was therefore developed.

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Community re-designs for healthy longevity: Japan and Taiwan examples

Chen¹,

Iijima²,

Shimada³

et al. 2023

Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics

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Falls and fear of falling among older adults in an assisted-living facility: A qualitative and foundational study for intervention development in a developing country

Cited by 11 publications

References 31 publications

Social Support, General Self-Efficacy, Fear of Falling, and Physical Activity Among Older Adults in a Middle-Income Country

Social Support, General Self-Efficacy, Fear of Falling, and Physical Activity Among Older Adults in a Middle-Income Country

Educational Intervention Guidelines For Falls And Fear Of Falling For Older Adults: a Low-Income Country’s Perspective

Community re-designs for healthy longevity: Japan and Taiwan examples

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