Falls in young adults: Perceived causes and environmental factors assessed with a daily online survey

Heijnen, Michel; Rietdyk, Shirley

doi:10.1016/j.humov.2015.12.007

Cited by 76 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…[15] Another recent study reported more outdoor falls among a sample of undergraduate students. [22] Likewise, Kelsey et al found that among older adults, increasing age and female gender were associated with a higher number of indoor falls. [18]…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We also observed that 26% of FI among young men occurred at “Outdoor park/recreation area/sports facility.” This finding is consistent with previous observations that, among a sample of undergraduate students, falls during athletic activities (including running, jogging, and sports) accounted for 21% of their falls. [22]…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite being the leading cause of nonfatal injuries among young and middle-aged adults, falls remain an under-studied public health problem in these populations. [11, 15, 20–22] The primary objective of this study was to utilize the considerable information in the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) injury narratives to examine the circumstances of medically attended FI among community-dwelling (the non-institutionalized civilian) U.S. adults. We have provided both the proportions and incidence rates of FI related to different circumstances for the overall adult population and the six age-gender groups.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Circumstances of fall-related injuries by age and gender among community-dwelling adults in the United States

et al. 2017

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IntroductionFalls are the leading cause of injury in almost all age-strata in the U.S. However, fall-related injuries (FI) and their circumstances are under-studied at the population level, particularly among young and middle-aged adults. This study examined the circumstances of FI among community-dwelling U.S. adults, by age and gender.MethodsNarrative texts of FI from the National Health Interview Survey (1997–2010) were coded using a customized taxonomy to assess place, activity, initiating event, hazards, contributing factors, fall height, and work-relatedness of FI. Weighted proportions and incidence rates of FI were calculated across six age-gender groups (18–44, 45–64, 65+ years; women, men).ResultsThe proportion of FI occurring indoors increased with age in both genders (22%, 30%, and 48% among men, and 40%, 49% and 62% among women for 18–44, 45–64, 65+ age-groups, respectively). In each age group the proportion of indoor FI was higher among women as compared to men. Among women, using the stairs was the second leading activity (after walking) at the time of FI (19%, 14% and 10% for women in 18–44, 45–64, 65+ age groups, respectively). FI associated with tripping increased with age among both genders, and women were more likely to trip than men in every age group. Of all age-gender groups, the rate of FI while using ladders was the highest among middle-aged men (3.3 per 1000 person-year, 95% CI 2.0, 4.5). Large objects, stairs and steps, and surface contamination were the three most common hazards noted for 15%, 14% and 13% of fall-related injuries, respectively.ConclusionsThe rate and the circumstances of FI differ by age and gender. Understanding these differences and obtaining information about circumstances could be vital for developing effective interventions to prevent falls and FI.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Circumstances of fall-related injuries by age and gender among community-dwelling adults in the United States

et al. 2017

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“…Achieving adequate foot clearance is crucial for preventing trips, one of the greatest causes of falls (Berg et al, 1997, Blake et al, 1988, Overstall et al, 1977, Tuunainen et al, 2014, Robinovitch et al, 2013, Heijnen and Rietdyk, 2016. Foot clearance can be accounted for by the sagittal plane motion of the lower extremity joints (Winter, 1992).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying trippers and non-trippers based on knee kinematics during obstacle-free walking

Benson

Cobb

Hyngstrom

et al. 2018

Human Movement Science

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Trips are a major cause of falls. Sagittal-plane kinematics affect clearance between the foot and obstacles, however, it is unclear which kinematic measures during obstacle-free walking are associated with avoiding a trip when encountering an obstacle. The purpose of this study was to determine kinematic factors during obstaclefree walking that are related to obstacle avoidance ability. It was expected that successful obstacle avoidance would be associated with greater peak flexion/dorsiflexion and range of motion (ROM), and differences in timing of peak flexion/dorsiflexion during swing of obstacle-free walking for the hip, knee and ankle. Threedimensional kinematics were recorded as 35 participants (young adults age 18-45 (N = 10), older adults age 65+ without a history of falls (N = 10), older adults age 65+ who had fallen in the last six months (N = 10), and individuals who had experienced a stroke more than six months earlier (N = 5)) walked on a treadmill, under obstacle-free walking conditions with kinematic features calculated for each stride. A separate obstacle avoidance task identified trippers (multiple obstacle contact) and non-trippers. Linear discriminant analysis with sequential feature selection classified trippers and non-trippers based on kinematics during obstacle-free walking. Differences in classification performance and selected features (knee ROM and timing of peak knee flexion during swing) were evaluated between trippers and non-trippers. Non-trippers had greater knee ROM (P = .001). There was no significant difference in classification performance (P = .193). Individuals with reduced knee ROM during obstacle-free walking may have greater difficulty avoiding obstacles.

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“…They are severe and inevitable threats during the walking process of the bipedal movement. Despite all population groups are exposed to these risk factors, falls are the most serious social health problem among the elderly (Heijnen and Rietdyk, 2016). As a result, the risk of injuries to hands, torso, head/neck and/or other parts of the human body is possible.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic simulation of a novel "broomstick" human forward fall model and finite element analysis of the radius under the impact force during fall

Grzelczyk

Biesiacki

Mrozowski

et al. 2018

jtam

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The paper presents dynamic simulation and experimental identification of a human forward fall model describing the process of "falling like a broomstick" on the outstretched arms. The model implemented in Mathematica allows one to estimate time histories of the ground reaction force in different scenarios of the fall process. These time series are applied as time-varying load conditions to the numerical analysis of the human radial bone model created from the computed tomography data. Finally, the obtained numerical results indicate that the strain criterion seems to be more useful for estimating the radius fracture site in comparison to the stress criterion.

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Falls in young adults: Perceived causes and environmental factors assessed with a daily online survey

Cited by 76 publications

References 33 publications

Circumstances of fall-related injuries by age and gender among community-dwelling adults in the United States

Circumstances of fall-related injuries by age and gender among community-dwelling adults in the United States

Identifying trippers and non-trippers based on knee kinematics during obstacle-free walking

Dynamic simulation of a novel "broomstick" human forward fall model and finite element analysis of the radius under the impact force during fall

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