False aneurysms in carotid arteries of cattle and water buffalo during shechita and halal slaughter

Gregory, N.; Wenzlawowicz, M. von; Alam, Rashedul; Anil, Haluk; Yeşildere, Tahsin; Silva‐Fletcher, Ayona

doi:10.1016/j.meatsci.2007.09.012

Cited by 44 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Animals were weighed on weekly basis and after completion of trail were slaughtered by Halal slaughter method as described by Gregory et al, (2008), and 3cm intestinal segments at midpoints of duodenum, jejunum, ileum and colon were collected. Samples were washed with physiological saline solution, opened longitudinally and immediately fixed in 10% buffered formaldehyde solution for 48 hours.…”

Section: Growth Performance Sampling and Histological Morphometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of yeast based toxin binder supplementation on growth performance and intestinal microarchitecture in male buffalo calves (Bubalus bubalis) exposed to different concentrations of Aflatoxin B1.

Naseer

Saleem

Sohail

et al. 2018

J Hellenic Vet Med Soc

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The purpose of study was to analyze the effects of yeast based toxin binder (YTB) on growth performance and intestinal microarchitecture of buffalo calves exposed to different concentrations of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1). Male buffalo calves (n=72) having no disease exposure in the last four months, aged 10 ± 1 months and weighing 150 ± 12.22 kg (Mean ± standard deviation)were purchased from a buffalo calf fattening farm and divided in 8 equal groups (n=9 animals in each group). Animals that were fed common basal diet and basal diet along with yeast cell wall based toxin binder (YTB) and had no exposure to AFB1 were served as controls. Different concentrations of AFB1 (6mg, 8mg and 10mg per kg of feed) were given to 27 animals, similarly 2mg of YTB (per kg of contaminated feed) was added to concentrate with different AFB1 concentrations and fed to another 27 animals. Average daily gain of each animal was recorded. Animals were slaughtered after 27 days and intestinal segments from duodenum, jejunum, ileum and colon were collected which were stained with hematoxylin/eosin or combined alcian blue and periodic acid schiff stain. Average daily gain and intestinal morphometric parameters (villus height, villus width, crypt depth and surface area) in all the selected intestinal segments decreased (P<0.05) whereas, intraepithelial lymphocytes, goblet cells (having acidic and neutral mucins) and proliferative cells increased (P<0.05) with AFB1 exposure. It was also observed that YTB neutralized (P<0.05) the harmful effects of AFB1 on intestinal morphology, boosted activity of goblet cells and decreased (P<0.05) number of proliferative cells. It was concluded that YTB supplementation is advantageous in eliminating the negative effects of AFB1 on gut of buffalo calves.

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Section: Growth Performance Sampling and Histological Morphometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of yeast based toxin binder supplementation on growth performance and intestinal microarchitecture in male buffalo calves (Bubalus bubalis) exposed to different concentrations of Aflatoxin B1.

Naseer

Saleem

Sohail

et al. 2018

J Hellenic Vet Med Soc

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“…Theoretically, restriction of blood loss during exsanguination may extend the time frame in which consciousness could return in cattle stunned using reversible methods. In addition, the bovine brain is primarily supplied with blood by the carotid arteries; however, the basioccipital plexus has been identified as a secondary means of maintaining blood supply to the brain by way of the vertebral arteries and potentially extending the period of consciousness (Gregory et al, 2008;Newhook and Blackmore, 1982). As a result, the potential may exist for calves to return to consciousness before exsanguination has reached a point that prevents recovery of consciousness.…”

Section: Assessment Of Nonpenetrating Captive Bolt Stunning Followed mentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of nonpenetrating captive bolt stunning followed by electrical induction of cardiac arrest in veal calves1

Bartz

Collins

Stoddard

et al. 2015

Journal of Animal Science

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The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of nonpenetrating captive bolt stunning followed by electrical induction of cardiac arrest on veal calf welfare, veal quality, and blood yield. Ninety calves from the same farm were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 treatment groups in a balanced unpaired comparison design. The first treatment group (the "head-only" method-application of the pneumatic nonpenetrating stun to the frontal plate of the skull at the intersection of 2 imaginary lines extending from the lateral canthus to the opposite poll [CONTROL]) was stunned with a nonpenetrating captive bolt gun ( = 45). The second group ( = 45) was stunned with a nonpenetrating captive bolt gun followed by secondary electrical induction of cardiac arrest (the "head/heart" method-initial application of the pneumatic nonpenetrating captive bolt stun followed by 1 s application of an electrical stun to the ventral region of the ribcage directly caudal to the junction of the humerus and scapula while the stunned calf was in lateral recumbence [HEAD/HEART]). Stunning efficacy was the indicator of animal welfare used in this study. All calves were instantly rendered insensible by the initial stun and did not display common indicators of return to consciousness. For meat quality evaluation, all samples were collected from the 12th rib region of the longissimus thoracis. Meat samples were evaluated for color, drip loss, ultimate pH, cook loss, and Warner-Bratzler shear force. The L* values (measure of meat color lightness) were darker ( < 0.05) in the HEAD/HEART group (45.08 ± 0.72) than the CONTROL group (47.10 ± 0.72). There were no differences ( > 0.05) observed in a* (redness) and b* (yellowness) values between treatments. No differences ( > 0.05) were observed in drip loss, ultimate pH, cook loss, and Warner-Bratzler shear force. The blood yield from the CONTROL group (7,217.9 ± 143.5 g) was greater ( < 0.05) than that from the HEAD/HEART group (6,656.4 ± 143.5 g). Overall, the data indicated no difference between the CONTROL and HEAD/HEART groups with regard to animal welfare because the initial stun was effective in all calves. However, longissimus thoracis L* and blood yield were negatively impacted by the HEAD/HEART method. The data in this study suggest that secondary induction of cardiac arrest is not necessary with effective nonpenetrating captive bolt stunning in veal calves.

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“…If the animal is conscious after sticking, he or she could feel a sense of suffocation due to the possible presence of blood in the respiratory tract (Gregory et al, 2009). The risk of prolonging the state of consciousness in cattle after sticking is linked to the production of false aneurysms occluding the carotid arteries at the point of incision (Gregory et al, 2007). The loss of corneal reflex and rhythmic breathing are indicative of the absence of any function by the structures of the medulla oblungata, and in the case of religious slaughter, the symptoms are indicative of anoxia/hypoxia and of partial or total ischemia due to insufficient or absent blood flow caused by bleeding.…”

Section: Scientific Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Religious Slaughter: Data from Surveys and Spot-Check Visits in Italy and Animal Welfare Issues

Cenci‐Goga¹,

Sechi²,

Cuccurese³

et al. 2013

Society &Amp; Animals

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The public is becoming increasingly concerned about how nonhuman animals are treated, and many studies show that European citizens are concerned about farm animal welfare. Religious slaughter has always been a controversial and emotive subject, caught between animal welfare considerations, cultural and human rights issues. There is considerable variation in current practices, and the rules regarding religious requirements are still confusing. Similarly, consumer demands and concerns also need to be addressed. Therefore, there is a need for information relating to slaughter techniques as well as product range, consumer expectations, market share, and socioeconomic issues. This research aims at identifying the procedures for current methods of religious slaughter in Italy. Conventional slaughter is performed with prior stunning; kosher slaughter is practiced without stunning. Halal slaughter is performed for most of the animals without stunning. Halal slaughter with prior stunning is accepted for 5.9% of small ruminants. Questionnaires were sent to regional health authorities, and spot-check visits were conducted on cattle, sheep, and poultry abattoirs in Italy from October 2008 to March 2009. The observed B. T. Cenci-Goga et al. / Society & Animals 21 (2013) 459-488 parameters are discussed in regards to the risk to animal welfare. Observations not only on restraining methods, but also on post-cut, clinical indicators of consciousness are considered. This research is the first, systematic attempt to analyze the methods of religious slaughter and to discuss the implications for animal welfare.

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False aneurysms in carotid arteries of cattle and water buffalo during shechita and halal slaughter

Cited by 44 publications

References 6 publications

Effects of yeast based toxin binder supplementation on growth performance and intestinal microarchitecture in male buffalo calves (Bubalus bubalis) exposed to different concentrations of Aflatoxin B1.

Effects of yeast based toxin binder supplementation on growth performance and intestinal microarchitecture in male buffalo calves (Bubalus bubalis) exposed to different concentrations of Aflatoxin B1.

Assessment of nonpenetrating captive bolt stunning followed by electrical induction of cardiac arrest in veal calves1

Religious Slaughter: Data from Surveys and Spot-Check Visits in Italy and Animal Welfare Issues

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