False-colour photography: a novel digital approach to visualize the bee view of flowers

Verhoeven, Christian; Ren, Zhoupeng; Lunau, Klaus

doi:10.26786/1920-7603(2018)11

Cited by 27 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 90 publications

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“…An alternative to reporting a discrete color polymorphism is to use spectrophotometry (Arista, Talavera, Berjano, & Ortiz, ; Schemske & Bierzychudek, ) or a combination of ocular assessment and spectrophotometry (Berardi, Hildreth, Helm, Winkel, & Smith, ; Casper & La Pine, ). However, photographic techniques and image analysis can also be useful tools for recording complex floral phenotypes (Brito, Weynans, Sazima, & Lunau, ; Del Valle, Gallardo‐López, Buide, Whittall, & Narbona, ; Verhoeven, Ren, & Lunau, ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex‐specific floral attraction traits in a sequentially hermaphroditic species

Peach

Liu

Klitgaard

et al. 2020

Ecology and Evolution

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●Many angiosperms are hermaphroditic and produce bisexual flowers in which male (pollen export) and female (stigma receptivity) functions are separated temporally. This sequential hermaphroditism may be associated with variation in flower size, color, or pattern, all of which may influence pollinator attraction. In this study, we describe variation in these traits across discrete functional sex stages within and between 225 greenhouse‐grown individuals of Clarkia unguiculata (Onagraceae). In addition, to identify the effects of floral phenotype on pollinator attraction in this species, we examine the effects of these floral traits on pollen receipt in ~180 individuals in an experimental field array. ●Petal area, ultraviolet (UV)‐absorbing nectar guide area, and blue and green mean petal reflectance differ significantly across the functional sex stages of C. unguiculata. Male‐ and female‐phase flowers display significantly different pollinator attraction traits. Petal and UV nectar guide area increase as flowers progress from male phase to female phase, while blue reflectance and green reflectance peak during anther maturation. ●In field arrays of C. unguiculata, female‐phase flowers with large UV nectar guides receive more pollen than those with small nectar guides, and female‐phase flowers with high mean blue reflectance values are more likely to receive pollen than those with low blue reflectance. Female‐phase flowers with green mean reflectance values that differ most from background foliage also receive more pollen than those that are more similar to foliage. These findings indicate that components of flower color and pattern influence pollen receipt, independent of other plant attributes that may covary with floral traits. We discuss these results in the context of hypotheses that have been proposed to explain sex‐specific floral attraction traits, and we suggest future research that could improve our understanding of sexual dimorphism in sequentially hermaphroditic species and the evolution of features that promote outcrossing.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex‐specific floral attraction traits in a sequentially hermaphroditic species

Peach

Liu

Klitgaard

et al. 2020

Ecology and Evolution

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“…Plant-pollinator interaction studies that examine UV floral patterns and use UV photography and insect visual models have been underexplored in China. Verhoeven et al. (2018) demonstrated the diversity of floral colors on the high elevation mountains in Lijiang, eastern Himalayas.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Pollination ecology in China from 1977 to 2017

et al. 2018

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China is one of most biodiverse countries in the world, containing at least 10% of all angiosperm species. Therefore, we should anticipate a diverse, pollinator fauna. China also has a long history of applied ethnobiology, including a sustainable agriculture based on apiculture and plant-pollinator interactions. However, the science of pollination ecology is a far younger sub-discipline in China, compared to in the West. Chinese studies in pollination ecology began in the 1970s. For this review, we compiled a complete reference database (>600 publications) of pollination studies in China. Using this database, we identified and analyzed gaps and limitations in research on the pollination systems of native and naturalized species. Specifically, we asked the following questions: 1) What do we know about the pollination systems of native, Chinese species? 2) How does Chinese pollination ecology compare with the development of pollination research abroad and which aspects of research should be pursued by Chinese anthecologists in the near future? 3) What research on pollination in China will advance our understanding and contribute to our ongoing analyses of endemism and conservation? Subsequently, we segregated and identified prospective lines of future research that are unique to China and can only be done in China. This requires discussing priorities within a systematic approach.

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“…For taxa that possessed both UV and human-visible petal patterning, I could not determine whether basal petal spots were congruent (i.e., completely overlapping) because UV images were obtained from herbarium specimens while human-visible pattern data was obtained from online images. Additionally, because human-visible pattern was obtained from standard human-visible images, the presence of “blue bull’s-eye’s” that may be perceived by pollinators (e.g., Verhoeven et al., 2018 ) but not humans, were not considered. Finally, I only considered petal patterning but not floral patterns caused by contrasting reproductive structures (e.g., Lunau, 2006 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Macroevolution of Flower Color Patterning: Biased Transition Rates and Correlated Evolution with Flower Size

Koski

2020

Front. Plant Sci.

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Floral pigmentation patterns can both mediate plant-pollinator interactions and modify the abiotic environment of reproductive structures. To date, there have been no inquiries into the rate and directionality of macroevolutionary transitions between patterned and nonpatterned petals despite their ecological importance and ubiquity across angiosperms. Petals in the Potentilleae tribe (Rosaceae) display color patterns in the ultraviolet (UV) and human-visible spectrum, or can be uniform in color (i.e., patternless). Using a phylogeny of Potentilleae, I test whether evolutionary transition rates between patterned and nonpatterned petals are biased in either direction. I then examine whether UV and humanvisible floral patterns are phylogenetically correlated and test the prediction that color patterns will evolve in concert with larger flowers if they function as guides to orient pollinators to floral rewards. I found that transition rates were biased toward petals that were uniform in color. Transition rates from patterned to uniformly colored petals were two and six times higher than the reverse for UV and human-visible pattern, respectively. The presence of UV and human-visible pattern evolved independently from one another. However, the evolution of human-visible pattern was associated with the evolution of larger flowers but the evolution of UV pattern was correlated with the evolution of smaller flowers. I posit that the transition bias toward non-patterned flowers may reflect developmental constraints on spatial regulation of pigments required to produce floral color patterning. The correlated evolution of larger flowers and human-visible pigmentation patterns support the hypothesis that nectar or pollen guides are more likely to evolve in larger-flowered species. This work provides insight into how transition rate bias and trait correlations can shape phylogenetic patterns of floral color pattern diversity.

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False-colour photography: a novel digital approach to visualize the bee view of flowers

Cited by 27 publications

References 90 publications

Sex‐specific floral attraction traits in a sequentially hermaphroditic species

Sex‐specific floral attraction traits in a sequentially hermaphroditic species

Pollination ecology in China from 1977 to 2017

Macroevolution of Flower Color Patterning: Biased Transition Rates and Correlated Evolution with Flower Size

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