False positive reactivity of a substance P-antibody in the ectodermal/epithelial plug of the nose, ear, eye and perineum of the human and mouse fetuses

Masumoto, Hiroshi; Katori, Yukio; Kawase, Tetsuaki; Cho, Baik Hwan; Murakami, Gen; Shibata, Shunichi; Matsubara, Akio

doi:10.2535/ofaj.87.33

Cited by 9 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…No macrophages in the keratinocyte plug at the external ear and nose was one of the striking features. Because of no reaction of the keratinocyte plug found using deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick end-labeling method, Masumoto et al [ 12 ] hypothesized a substance-P mediated cell death, but they themselves found that non-specific immunoreactivity was likely to bring their result. Cornification is a highly specific type of programmed cell death [ 1 2 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization of mesenchymal cells beneath cornification of the fetal epithelium and epidermis at the face: an immunohistochemical study using human fetal specimens

et al. 2016

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Fetal development of the face involves a specific type of cornification in which keratinocytes provide a mass or plug to fill a cavity. The epithelial-mesenchymal interaction was likely to be different from that in the usual skin. We examined expression of intermediate filaments and other mesenchymal markers beneath cornification in the fetal face. Using sections from 5 mid-term human fetuses at 14–16 weeks, immunohistochemistry was conducted for cytokeratins (CK), vimentin, nestin, glial fibrilary acidic protein, desmin, CD34, CD68 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). Fetal zygomatic skin was composed of a thin stratum corneum and a stratum basale (CK5/6+, CK14+, and CK19+) and, as the intermediate layer, 2–3 layered large keratinocytes with nucleus. The basal layer was lined by mono-layered mesenchymal cells (CD34+ and nestin+). Some of basal cells were PCNA-positive. In the keratinocyte plug at the external ear and nose, most cell nuclei expressed PCNA, CK5/6, CK14, and CK19. Vimentin-positive mesenchymal cells migrated into the plug. The PCNA-positive nucleus as well as mesenchymal cell migration was not seen in the lip margin in spite of the thick keratinocyte layer. The lingual epithelium were characterized by the CK7-positive stratum corneum as well as the thick mesenchymal papilla. CD68-positive macrophages were absent in the epidermis/epithelium. Being different from usual cornification of the skin, loss of a mesenchymal monolayer as well as superficial migration of mesenchymal cells might connect with a specific differentiation of keratinocyte to provide a plug at the fetal nose and ear.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, the thickness of keratinocyte layer is much thicker than the usual skin. Second, according to Masumoto et al [ 12 ], most or all of the keratinocytes most likely to carry cell nucleus in the plugs, in contrast to lost nuclei in the usual cornified layer of skin.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of mesenchymal cells beneath cornification of the fetal epithelium and epidermis at the face: an immunohistochemical study using human fetal specimens

et al. 2016

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“…Although periprostatic nerve fibers negative for both nNOS and TH have been described as “somatic nerve fibers” (Costello et al, ), a better term may be “sensory nerves”. To our regret, we could not immunohistochemically assess the expression of sensory nerve markers, such as substance P and CGRP, in our donated cadaver specimens (partly published in Masumoto et al, ). We observed mixed nerves, containing both sympathetic and parasympathetic elements, not only in the intermuscular space of the rectum but also in the intersphincteric space below the epithelial junction.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nerves in the intersphincteric space of the human anal canal with special reference to their continuation to the enteric nerve plexus of the rectum

Hieda

Cho

Arakawa³

et al. 2013

Clinical Anatomy

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In the intersphincteric space of the anal canal, nerves are thought to "change" from autonomic to somatic at the level of the squamous-columnar epithelial junction of the anal canal. To compare the nerve configuration in the intersphincteric space with the configuration in adjacent areas of the human rectum, we immunohistochemically assessed tissue samples from 12 donated cadavers, using antibodies to S100, neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH). Antibody to S100 revealed a clear difference in intramuscular nerve distribution patterns between the circular and longitudinal muscle layers of the most inferior part of the rectum, with the former having a plexus-like configuration, while the latter contained short, longitudinally running nerves. Most of the intramural ganglion cells in the anal canal were restricted to above the epithelial junction, but some were located just below that level. Near or at the level of the epithelial junction, the nerves along the rectal adventitia and Auerbach's nerve plexus joined to form intersphincteric nerves, with all these nerves containing both nNOS-positive parasympathetic and TH-positive sympathetic nerve fibers. Thus, it was histologically difficult to distinguish somatic intersphincteric nerves from the autonomic Auerbach's plexus. In the intersphincteric space, the autonomic nerve elements with intrapelvic courses seemed to "borrow" a nerve pathway in the peripheral branches of the pudendal nerve. Injury to the intersphincteric nerve during surgery may result in loss of innervation in the major part of the internal anal sphincter.

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“…The presence of the embryonic nasal plug is a common transient embryonic feature of amniotes. It has been found in snakes [66,69,72], lizards [18,73], turtle [69], Sphenodon [74], birds [71,72] and mammals [72,75] including human [76,77]. The nature of the nasal plug is poorly understood.…”

Section: Initial Fusion and Formation Of The Vestibulummentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The nature of the nasal plug is poorly understood. It is described as mass of epithelial cells [75], mass of isodiametric cells [21], peridermal plug [72,78], or structure formed by keratinocytes [77]. It has been proposed that it forms between the nasal prominences from the epithelial seam, which does not undergo disintegration [71,72], or as a proliferation of the "invaginated" oral epithelium [78], which in fact may be considered as walls of the presumptive vestibulum.…”

Section: Initial Fusion and Formation Of The Vestibulummentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of the squamate naso-palatal complex: detailed 3D analysis of the vomeronasal organ and nasal cavity in the brown anole Anolis sagrei (Squamata: Iguania)

Kaczmarek

Janiszewska

Metscher

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background Despite the diverse morphology of the adult squamate naso-palatal complex – consisting of the nasal cavity, vomeronasal organ (VNO), choanal groove, lacrimal duct and superficial palate – little is known about the embryology of these structures. Moreover, there are no comprehensive studies concerning development of the nasal cavity and VNO in relation to the superficial palate. In this investigation, we used X-ray microtomography and histological sections to describe embryonic development of the naso-palatal complex of iguanian lizard, the brown anole ( Anolis sagrei ). The purpose of the study was to describe the mechanism of formation of adult morphology in this species, which combines the peculiar anole features with typical iguanian conditions. Considering the uncertain phylogenetic position of the Iguania within Squamata, embryological data and future comparative studies may shed new light on the evolution of this large squamate clade. Results Development of the naso-palatal complex was divided into three phases: early, middle and late. In the early developmental phase, the vomeronasal pit originates from medial outpocketing of the nasal pit, when the facial prominences are weakly developed. In the middle developmental phase, the following events can be noted: the formation of the frontonasal mass, separation of the vestibulum, appearance of the lacrimal duct, and formation of the choanal groove, which leads to separation of the VNO from the nasal cavity. In late development, the nasal cavity and the VNO attain their adult morphology. The lacrimal duct establishes an extensive connection with the choanal groove, which eventually becomes largely separated from the oral cavity. Conclusions Unlike in other tetrapods, the primordium of the lacrimal duct in the brown anole develops largely beyond the nasolacrimal groove. In contrast to previous studies on squamates, the maxillary prominence is found to participate in the initial fusion with the frontonasal mass. Moreover, formation of the choanal groove occurs due to the fusion of the vomerine cushion to the subconchal fold, rather than to the choanal fold. The loss or significant reduction of the lateral nasal concha is secondary. Some features of anole adult morphology, such as the closure of the choanal groove, may constitute adaptations to vomeronasal chemoreception.

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False positive reactivity of a substance P-antibody in the ectodermal/epithelial plug of the nose, ear, eye and perineum of the human and mouse fetuses

Cited by 9 publications

References 21 publications

Characterization of mesenchymal cells beneath cornification of the fetal epithelium and epidermis at the face: an immunohistochemical study using human fetal specimens

Characterization of mesenchymal cells beneath cornification of the fetal epithelium and epidermis at the face: an immunohistochemical study using human fetal specimens

Nerves in the intersphincteric space of the human anal canal with special reference to their continuation to the enteric nerve plexus of the rectum

Development of the squamate naso-palatal complex: detailed 3D analysis of the vomeronasal organ and nasal cavity in the brown anole Anolis sagrei (Squamata: Iguania)

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