FAMACHA© scores history of sheep characterized as resistant/resilient or susceptible to H. contortus in artificial infection challenge

Pereira, João Filipi Scheffer; Mendes, J.B.; Jong, G. de; Maia, Dhéri; Teixeira, Valéria Natascha; Passerino, Ana Sílvia Miranda; Garza, Javier J.; Sotomaior, Cristina Santos

doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2016.01.011

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…In the present study, the parasitic infection had a negative impact on PCV in lambs, considering the difference among phenotypic groups and the negative correlations between PCV and FEC. Other studies have found similar results, with higher PCV values in resistant lambs, and negative correlations between this blood parameter and FEC ( Amarante et al, 2009 , Zaros et al, 2014 , Pereira et al, 2016 ; Gonçalves et al, 2018).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

Morada Nova sheep breed: Resistant or resilient to Haemonchus contortus infection?

Toscano

Santos

Haehling

et al. 2019

Veterinary Parasitology

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

Morada Nova sheep breed: Resistant or resilient to Haemonchus contortus infection?

Toscano

Santos

Haehling

et al. 2019

Veterinary Parasitology

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“…Body condition was evaluated by palpation of the lumbar area of the sheep to determine the musculature and fat layer present [17] using a scale of 1 to 5, where 1 represents a starving sheep/slender, while 5 represents a fat sheep [16]. The color of the mucosa was evaluated by the FAMACHA© method [18,19], which consists in comparing the observed color of the ocular conjunctiva with a reference scale printed on a card, whose values range from 1 to 5, where 1 represents a sheep with red mucosa (without anemia) and in optimal conditions, while 5 represents an anemic sheep [16]. The cleanliness of the wool was evaluated by direct observation of the presence of moisture and dirt in the areas covered with wool, except for the perianal region of the sheep [20,21].…”

Section: Animal Welfare Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…using McMaster Technique [23]. Body Weight (BW) [19] was also recorded at this instance. All samples were processed at the Animal Welfare and Parasitology Laboratory at The University of Caldas.…”

Section: Blood and Fecal Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Iceberg Indicators for Animal Welfare in Rural Sheep Farms Using the Five Domains Model Approach

Hernández

Sánchez

Peñuela

2020

Animals

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Animal welfare for sheep in extensive rural farms is difficult to quantify among rural farmers due to several factors, including the lack of technology and the low level of interaction they have with the animals. The purpose of this study was to search for animal-based iceberg indicators using the Five Domains Model approach and study the relationship between sheep reactive behavior (flight distance), sheep handling training and farmers job satisfaction. Thirteen extensive commercial dual-purpose sheep farms (n = 520 animals) were evaluated in Marulanda, Caldas (Colombia, South America). On-farm Animal Welfare Indicators (AWIN) were assessed using an adapted version of this protocol. Socio-demographic characteristics, sheep handling training and job satisfaction were evaluated using a structured interview. Blood and stool samples were taken to determine Fecal Egg Count and Packed Cell Volume. Bivariate regression models were used to find animal-based indicators that predicted Nutrition, Ambience, Health and Behavior welfare domains, and a Qualitative Behavior Analysis was used for mind state domain analysis. Body condition score (BCS) (p = 0.001), fleece cleanliness (p = 0.03), FAMACHA© Score (p = 0.05), and flight distance in meters (p = 0.19) were found to be indicators, and were useful for predicting overall welfare assessment (R2 = 0.85) on theses farms. Regarding mind welfare domain, Qualitative Behavioral Assessment found two principal components (PC) that explained 82% and 67% of the variance, and described emotional valence and energy levels of sheep, respectively. Sheep handling training (β = −8.75, p = 0.004) and job satisfaction (β = −7.5, p = 0.013) had a negative association with the average flock flight distance. Spearman’s rank correlations were significant (p < 0.001) between Fecal Egg Count, Packed Cell Volume, FAMACHA© Score (FS), Body Weight (BW) and, BCS. The strongest association was observed between Packed Cell Volume (PCV) and Fecal Egg Count (FEC) (r = −0.43), also FS was correlated with PCV (r = −0.28) and FEC (r = 0.21), and BCS was correlated with weight (r = 0.32). We suggest that these animal-based indicators could be useful as iceberg indicators for extensive sheep production systems and may set the ground for more research in small extensive sheep farms to develop strategies to find welfare problems and solutions.

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“…It should be possible to breed for more resistant sheep, both through conventional methods such as crossing with more resistant breeds (Amarante et al, 1999;Li et al, 2001), selection of stock for breeding on the basis of phenotypic measures such as FEC (Woolaston, 1992), weight gain in the face of challenge or PCV/FAMACHA © score (Burke and Miller, 2008;Riley and Van Wyk, 2009;Pereira et al, 2016) or, more recently, through the identification of genetic markers of resistance to haemonchosis and the use of these for the selection of breeding animals (Estrada-Reyes et al, 2019;Haehling et al, 2020).…”

Section: Breeding Haemonchosis-resistant Sheepmentioning

confidence: 99%

Haemonchosis: dealing with the increasing threat of the barber's pole worm

Crilly¹,

Evans

Tähepõld

et al. 2020

Livestock

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Haemonchus contortus is a trichostrongyle nematode parasite of sheep and goats, and worldwide is considered to be the most important parasite of these species. It has a similar lifecycle to other parasitic trichostrongyle gastrointestinal nematodes, but it has a markedly higher fecundity, a preference for higher temperatures and a short pasture development time, which makes it epidemiologically different. Similarly, because of its blood-feeding habit the disease produced is distinct from parasitic gastroenteritis. This article summarises the differences in biology and control of H. contortus to other gastrointestinal nematodes of sheep, and covers specific control measures such as the use of FAMACHA© scoring, use of closantel and nitroxynil, the H. contortus vaccine, the effect of copper oxide wire particles, and the potential for breeding haemonchosis-resistant sheep and other future developments in H. contortus control.

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FAMACHA© scores history of sheep characterized as resistant/resilient or susceptible to H. contortus in artificial infection challenge

Cited by 11 publications

References 10 publications

Morada Nova sheep breed: Resistant or resilient to Haemonchus contortus infection?

Morada Nova sheep breed: Resistant or resilient to Haemonchus contortus infection?

Iceberg Indicators for Animal Welfare in Rural Sheep Farms Using the Five Domains Model Approach

Haemonchosis: dealing with the increasing threat of the barber's pole worm

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